A tellurium transposition route to allylic alcohols: overcoming some limitations of the Sharpless-Katsuki asymmetric epoxidation
摘要:
Good yields of enantiomeric allylic alcohols can be obtained in high enantiomeric excess (ee) by combining the Sharpless-Katsuki asymmetric epoxidation process (SAE) with tellurium chemistry. The advantages of the tellurium process are as follows: (1) the 50% yield limitation on the allylic alcohol in the Sharpless kinetic resolution (SKR) can be overcome; (2) allylic tertiary alcohols which are unsatisfactory substrates in the SKR can be obtained in high optical purity; (3) optically active secondary allylic alcohols with tertiary alkyl substituents (e.g. tert-butyl) at C-1 can be obtained in high ee; (4) optically active sterically congested cis secondary alcohols can be obtained in high ee; and (5) the nuisance of the slow SAE of some vinyl carbinols can be avoided. The key step in the reaction sequence is either a stereospecific 1,3-trans position of double bond and alcohol functionalities or an inversion of the alcohol configuration with concomitant deoxygenation of the epoxide function in epoxy alcohols. Trans secondary allylic alcohols can be converted to cis secondary allylic alcohols by way of erythro epoxy alcohols (glycidols); threo glycidyl derivatives are converted to trans secondary allylic alcohols. These transformations are accomplished by the action of telluride ion, generated in situ from the element, on a glycidyl sulfonate ester. Reduction of elemental Te is conveniently done with rongalite (HOCH2SO2Na) in an aqueous medium. This method is satisfactory when Te2- is required to attack a primary carbon site of a glycidyl sulfonate. In cases where Te2- is required to attack a secondary carbon site, reduction of the tellurium must be done with NaBH4 or LiEt3BH. Elemental tellurium is precipitated during the course of the reactions and can be recovered and reused.
Gleason-type chiralauxiliaries were used for the synthesis of a novel class of sulfonium salts, obtained via methylation of the sulfide with Meerwein's salt. The salts were reacted with aldehydes under basic conditions to provide epoxy amides, which were reduced to their corresponding epoxy alcohols in excellent enantiomeric excesses. Interestingly, it was feasible to synthesize both enantiomeric
Asymmetric Epoxidation of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes in Aqueous Media Catalyzed by Resin-Supported Peptide- Containing Unnatural Amino Acids
作者:Kengo Akagawa、Kazuaki Kudo
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201000805
日期:2011.4.18
The enantio‐ and diastereoselective epoxidation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes in aqueousmedia was realized using a resin‐supported peptide catalyst. Introducing the hydrophobic and bulky unnaturalaminoacid 3‐(1‐pyrenyl)alanine into the peptide sequence was effective for enhancing the reaction rate and enantioselectivity.
A convenient synthesis of aziridine-2-carboxylic esters
作者:Johan Legters、Lambertus Thijs、Binne Zwanenburg
DOI:10.1002/recl.19921110101
日期:——
Optically active oxirane-2-carboxylic esters, prepared from allylic alcohols employing the Sharpless epoxidation, were treated with sodium azide. The azido alcohols obtained were subsequently converted into aziridine-2-carboxylicesters by reaction with triphenylphosphine, in good yields and with high optical purity. Various racemic oxirane-2-carboxylic esters were subjected to the same sequence of
Use of asymmetric propargyl dicobalt hexacarbonyl complexes in organic synthesis: Access to enantiomerically pure α-hydroxy acid derivatives
作者:Juan M. Betancort、Carmen Ma Rodríguez、Víctor S. Martín
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(98)02170-4
日期:1998.12
The trapping under different conditions of the carbocation generated by acid treatment of chiral Co2(CO)6-complexed propargylic secondary alcohols permitted access to either diastereoisomer at the propargylic center. Further chemical manipulations provided either enantiomer of enantiomericallypure 1,2-difunctionalized molecules such as 1,2-diols, α-hydroxy-aldehydes or α-hydroxy-acids.
peptidic fragment and a new asymmetricmethodology of epoxidation for the preparation of the lipidic chain. The linkage between both fragments was successfully achieved in solid phase to complete the syntheses via a macrolactonization reaction executed prior to the cleavage of the acyclic precursors from the solid support. These syntheses provide access to the rapid generation of a library of analogues
报道了天然脂环二肽类抗生素球霉素和SF-1902 A 5的合成,利用固相技术构建了肽片段,并采用了一种新的不对称环氧化方法来制备脂质链。两个片段之间的键合在固相中成功完成,通过在从固体载体上裂解无环前体之前进行的大环内酯化反应完成了合成。这些合成物通过修饰氨基酸残基和脂质链提供了快速生成类似物文库的途径,从而基于对酶信号肽酶II的抑制,促进了具有有趣作用机制的新抗生素的鉴定。