1-(2-iodoethyl)indole | 159682-74-3

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吲哚及其衍生物
• 英文名称: 1-(2-iodoethyl)indole
• CAS: 159682-74-3
• 化学式: C₁₀H₁₀IN
• 分子量: 271.101
• InChiKey: WAEUFLMUOBBMMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  333.2±25.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1?+-.0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.8
• 重原子数：
  12
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.2
• 拓扑面积：
  4.9
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  1-(2-iodoethyl)indole 在 吡啶 、 偶氮二异丁腈 、 三正丁基氢锡 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 、 苯 为溶剂， 100.0 ℃ 、8.11 MPa 条件下， 反应 3.0h， 生成 ethyl 1-ethylindole-3-glyoxalate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  A tandem carbonylation/cyclization radical process of 1-(2-iodoethyl)indoles and pyrrole

  摘要：

  The AIBN-induced radical reaction of 1-(2-iodoethyl)indoles and pyrroles with Bu3SnH under 80 atm of CO was examined. Carbon monoxide was efficiently trapped by an alkyl radical to form an acyl radical which underwent intramolecular addition to the aromatic system to produce bicyclic aromatic ketones after in situ oxidation. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0040-4039(99)01346-5
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  C₁₄H₁₃N₃O₂ 以 四氢呋喃 、 乙腈 为溶剂， 反应 3.25h， 生成 1-(2-iodoethyl)indole
  参考文献：
  名称：

  氨基甲酸酯挤出烷基化合成叔胺

  摘要：

  碱性胺是许多具有生物活性的天然产物和药物的关键元素。鉴于其固有的反应性，在靶向合成过程中通常需要保护碱性胺，这会导致保护/脱保护序列的浪费。我们报告了一种分步经济的方法，能够在仲胺通过 CO 2的正式挤出转化为叔胺之前将其保护为氨基甲酸酯。该方法适用于 iboga 生物碱 (±)-conodusine A 和 (±)-conodusine B 的合成。

  DOI：

  10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02516

文献信息

• Ni-Catalyzed Reductive Arylacylation of Alkenes toward Carbonyl-Containing Oxindoles
  作者：Sheng Xu、Kuai Wang、Wangqing Kong

  DOI：10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02788

  日期：2019.9.20

  Ni-catalyzed three-component reductive arylacylation of alkenes using isobutyl chloroformate as a CO source was described. This reaction operates under mild reaction conditions without the need to use toxic CO gas or metal carbonyl reagents. In addition, this method allows for rapid synthesis of 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles with an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter containing a ketone group in good yields with

  描述了使用氯甲酸异丁酯作为CO源的易于操作的镍催化的烯烃的三组分还原性芳基酰化反应。该反应在温和的反应条件下进行，无需使用有毒的CO气体或羰基金属试剂。另外，该方法允许以良好的收率和广泛的底物范围快速合成具有含酮基团的全碳季铵立体中心的3，3-二取代的羟吲哚。
• Cycloaddition Chemistry of Anhydro-4-hydroxy-1,3-thiazolium Hydroxides (Thioisomünchnones) for the Synthesis of Heterocycles
  作者：Albert Padwa、Scott R. Harring、Donald L. Hertzog、William R. Nadler

  DOI：10.1055/s-1994-25621

  日期：——

  A series of α,α-disubstituted thioisomünchnones were prepared by treating acyclic or cyclic thioamides with bromoacetyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine. The resulting mesoionic dipole was found to undergo bimolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with several different dipolarophiles. When a hydrogen atom is present in the α-position of the thioamide, the initially formed N-acyl iminium ion undergoes proton loss to produce a S,N-ketene acetal at a faster rate than thioisomünchnone formation. The cycloaddition behavior of several substituted thioisomünchnones which possess a tethered alkene were also examined. The stereochemical outcome of the intramolecular reaction is the consequence of an endo cycloaddition of the neighboring π-bond across the transient thioisomünchnone dipole. Molecular mechanics calculations reveal that the endo diastereomers are significantly lower in energy than the corresponding exo isomers. Attempts to cycloadd the thioisomünchnone dipole across a tethered indolyl ring were unsuccessful. Instead, products derived by nucleophilic cyclization of the indolyl ring onto the thio N-acyl iminium ion were formed in good yield.

  一系列的α,α-二取代硫代异肟酮通过在三乙胺存在下，用溴乙酰氯处理非环状或环状硫代酰胺来制备。结果发现，这些介离子偶极体会发生双分子1,3-偶极环加成反应与多种不同的偶极体分子。当硫代酰胺的α-位上有氢原子时，最初形成的N-酰基亚胺离子会快速失去质子，产生S,N-酮烯醇缩醛，比形成硫代异肟酮的速度更快。还研究了几种带有附加烯烃的取代硫代异肟酮的环加成行为。内向环加成反应是邻近的π键跨过瞬态硫代异肟酮偶极子的结果，这是分子内反应的立体化学产物的成因。分子力学计算表明，内向非对映异构体的能量比相应的向外构体显著更低。尝试将硫代异肟酮偶极子环加成到附加的吲哚环上未能成功。相反，高产率地形成通过吲哚环以亲核方式环化到硫代N-酰基亚胺离子上的产物。
• An expedient synthesis of epi-eburnamenine via an intramolecular 1,4-dipolar cycloaddition reaction
  作者：Albert Padwa、Mark A. Semones

  DOI：10.1016/0040-4039(95)02166-3

  日期：1996.1

  The intramolecular 1,4-dipolar cycloaddition of an anhydro-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,3-thiazium hydroxide across a tethered indole π-bond has been used for the construction of the pentacyclic skeleton of epi-16,17-dihydroeburnamenine.

  跨束缚的吲哚π键的脱水-4-羟基-2-氧-2-氧-1,3-噻嗪氢氧化物的分子内1,4-偶极环加成已用于构建epi -16,17-的五环骨架二氢氨苄宁。
• On the Intramolecular 1,4-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction of Thiazinium Betaines for the Construction of Aza-, Diaza-, and Polyaza-Heterocyclic Ring Systems
  作者：Albert Padwa、Steven J. Coats、Scott R. Harring、Lazaros Hadjiarapoglou、Mark A. Semones

  DOI：10.1055/s-1995-4032

  日期：1995.8

  A series of bicyclic anhydro-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,3-thiazinium hydroxides containing tethered π-systems are easily prepared from the reaction of thiolactams with 1,3-bielectrophiles. These cross-conjugated heteroaromatic betaines undergo regio- and stereospecific 1,4-dipolar cycloaddition in good yield to produce cycloadducts containing a carbonyl sulfide bridge which can be induced to lose COS on further heating. Two of the cycloadducts were characterized by single crystal X-ray determinations. Control of ring size in the final product of the cycloaddition can be achieved by variation of the dipolarophilic chain length. Entry to the [6,6,5]- and [6,6,6]pyridone ring systems was possible using phenylalkynyl-substituted thioamides. Intramolecular 1,4-dipolar cycloaddition of a thiazinium betaine dipole also occurs across an indolyl π-bond. With only one substituent group in the 9-position of the bicyclic betaine, the reaction takes an entirely different course unless a highly activated π-bond is incorporated into the tether. The preferred reaction with modestly activated π-systems corresponds to loss of the activated proton to produce an S,N-ketene acetal. When a ketene S,S-acetal group was incorporated onto the side chain, the 1,4-dipolar cycloaddition reaction was facilitated relative to proton loss.

  一系列含有联接π系统的双环无水-4-羟基-2-氧-1,3-噻唑鎓氢氧化物可以通过硫内酰胺与1,3-双电亲体的反应轻松制备。这些交错共轭的杂芳香族贝塔因在良好的产率下经历区域性和立体特异性的1,4-偶极环加成，生成含有羰基硫桥的环加成物，在进一步加热时可以诱导失去COS。通过单晶X射线测定对其中两个环加成物进行了表征。通过改变偶极亲核链的长度，可以控制环加成反应最终产物的环大小。使用苯基炔基取代的硫氨基可以实现对[6,6,5]-和[6,6,6]吡啶酮环系的导入。噻唑鎓贝塔因偶极的环内1,4-偶极环加成也发生在吲哚的π键上。在双环贝塔因的9位仅有一个取代基时，反应的路径会完全不同，除非在连结中加入一个高度活化的π键。与适度活化的π系统的优选反应对应于活化质子的失去，从而生成S,N-烯酮缩醛。当在侧链上引入烯酮S,S-缩醛基时，相较于质子失去，1,4-偶极环加成反应得以促进。
• Cycloaddition Reaction of Mesoionic Betaines as an Approach toward Trialkylindoline Alkaloids
  作者：Albert Padwa、Scott R. Harring、Mark A. Semones

  DOI：10.1021/jo970847m

  日期：1998.1.1

  cross-conjugated heteroaromatic betaine. This 1,4-dipole undergoes a subsequent intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition across the neighboring pi-bond, and the resulting cycloadduct is subsequently converted to the annulated lactam. A related annulation sequence leading to a key intermediate previously utilized in the synthesis of the (+/-)-vallesamidine has been developed which is based on the intramolecular dipolar

  跨束缚的吲哚π键上的脱水-4-羟基-2-氧-2-氧-1,3-噻嗪氢氧化物的分子内1,4-偶极环加成已用于构建epi-16,17-dihydroeburnamenine的五环骨架。3-乙基-3-（烯基）哌啶酮与二烯酮和三氟甲磺酸三甲基甲硅烷基酯在环境温度下的苯反应生成环吡啶酮，收率很高。最初的反应涉及形成N-乙酰乙酰基酰胺，然后用TMSOTf将其进一步转化为吡啶酮。发现整个过程以完全的立体特异性进行。用双烯酮和TMSOTf处理3-乙基-3-[（（E）-4-苯基-3-丁烯基] -2-哌啶酮）样品可产生63％收率的环加成物，其立体化学通过X射线晶体学研究得以阐明。该差向异构体Z-异构体产生了环化二氢吡啶酮的不同立体异构体。环化的机理涉及TMSOTf诱导的环化，然后去除质子并产生交叉缀合的杂芳族甜菜碱。该1，4-偶极分子经过相邻的π键进行分子内偶极分子环加成反应，然后将所得的环加合物转化为环状内酰