Syntheses of (1S,2S,3S,4R)- and (1R,2R,3S,4R)-2,3,4-trihydroxycyclopentane-1-methanol, carbocyclic analogs of .alpha.-L-arabinofuranose and .beta.-D-ribofuranose
Syntheses of (1S,2S,3S,4R)- and (1R,2R,3S,4R)-2,3,4-trihydroxycyclopentane-1-methanol, carbocyclic analogs of .alpha.-L-arabinofuranose and .beta.-D-ribofuranose
The synthesis of 4a-carba-β-d-galactofuranose is described starting fromdiacetoneglucose. The key ring-closure step was carried out by metathesis to form a cyclopentene. Catalytic hydrogenation of the CC double bond gave the galacto configured saturated carbahexofuranose with excellent diastereoselectivity.
All carbocyclic analogs of the pentofuranoses were synthesized starting from norborn-5-en-2-one (1). By using either base- or acid-catalyzed Baeyer-Villiger reaction of 1, the central intermediates 2 and 3 were obtained. The required functionalization of the olefinic double bond was achieved either by cis-hydroxylation in the case of the ribo, lyre, and alpha-xylo derivatives or by epoxidation and subsequent opening with aqueous perchloric acid. In the latter case, a pronounced selectivity for opening the epoxy alcohol in the 3-position was found. If an epoxy acetate with both functions on the same side of the ring was used, the epoxide was opened in the 2-position by neighboring group participation of the acetate. The requisite side chain degradation was accomplished either by conversion of the ester into an olefin and subsequent dihydroxylation/cleavage reaction or by Curtius rearrangement to the amine and its conversion into an acetate.
Carbasugar analogues of galactofuranosides: β-O-linked derivatives and towards β-S-linked derivatives
作者:Jens Frigell、Lars Eriksson、Ian Cumpstey
DOI:10.1016/j.carres.2011.04.032
日期:2011.8
A selectively protected carbasugar analogue of beta-galactofuranose was synthesised from glucose using ring-closing metathesis as the key step. The carbasugar was converted into an alpha-galacto configured 1,2-epoxide, which was an effective electrophile in Lewis acid catalysed coupling reactions with alcohols. The epoxide was opened with regioselective attack at C-1 to give beta-galacto configured C-1 ethers. Using carbohydrates as nucleophiles, we synthesised a number of pseudodisaccharides. The epoxide was also regioselectively opened at C-1 with a sulfur nucleophile under basic conditions to give a beta-galacto configured C-1 thioether. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.