AbstractA library of 22 derivatives of 1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2‐thiol was synthesized, structurally characterized, and assessed for its potential to inhibit α‐amylase, α‐glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and antioxidant activities. Most of the tested compounds demonstrated good to moderate inhibition potential; however, their activity was lower than that of the standard acarbose. Significantly, compound 3f exhibited the highest inhibition potential against α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase enzymes, with IC50 values of 18.52 ± 0.09 and 20.25 ± 1.05 µM, respectively, in comparison to the standard acarbose (12.29 ± 0.26; 15.98 ± 0.14 µM). Compounds also demonstrated varying degrees of inhibitory potential against AChE (IC50 = 9.25 ± 0.19 to 36.15 ± 0.12 µM) and BChE (IC50 = 10.06 ± 0.43 to 35.13 ± 0.12 µM) enzymes compared to the standard donepezil (IC50 = 2.01 ± 0.12; 3.12 ± 0.06 µM), as well as DPPH (IC50 = 20.98 ± 0.06 to 52.83 ± 0.12 µM) and ABTS radical scavenging activities (IC50 = 22.29 ± 0.18 to 47.98 ± 0.03 µM) in comparison to the standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 18.12 ± 0.15; 19.19 ± 0.72). The kinetic investigations have demonstrated that the compounds exhibit competitive‐type inhibition for α‐amylase, noncompetitive‐type inhibition for α‐glucosidase and AChE, and mixed‐type inhibition for BChE. Additionally, a molecular docking study was performed on all synthetic oxadiazoles to explore the interaction details of these compounds with the active sites of the enzymes.
摘要 合成了 22 种 1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫醇衍生物,对其进行了结构表征,并评估了其抑制α-淀粉酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、丁酰胆碱酯酶(BChE)和抗氧化活性的潜力。大多数受测化合物都表现出良好至中等程度的抑制潜力,但其活性低于标准阿卡波糖。值得注意的是,与标准阿卡波糖(12.29 ± 0.26;15.98 ± 0.14 µM)相比,化合物 3f 对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的抑制潜力最高,IC50 值分别为 18.52 ± 0.09 和 20.25 ± 1.05 µM。与标准的多奈哌齐(IC50 = 2.01 ± 0.12; 3.12 ± 0.06 µM),以及与标准抗坏血酸(IC50 = 18.12 ± 0.15; 19.19 ± 0.72)相比,DPPH(IC50 = 20.98 ± 0.06 to 52.83 ± 0.12 µM)和 ABTS 自由基清除活性(IC50 = 22.29 ± 0.18 to 47.98 ± 0.03 µM)。动力学研究表明,这些化合物对α-淀粉酶具有竞争型抑制作用,对α-葡萄糖苷酶和 AChE 具有非竞争型抑制作用,对 BChE 具有混合型抑制作用。此外,还对所有合成的噁二唑进行了分子对接研究,以探索这些化合物与酶活性位点相互作用的细节。