urgently needed. Oxytocin, a pituitary hormone, is an alternative to the small molecule treatments available and has been used as an analgesic as well as for the treatment and prevention of opioid use disorder (OUD). Clinical implementation is limited by its poor pharmacokinetic profile, a result of the labile disulfide bond between two cysteine residues in the native sequence. Stable brain penetrant oxytocin
尽管阿片类药物有便秘、身体依赖性、呼吸抑制和服用过量等副作用,但急性和慢性疼痛通常用阿片类药物治疗。阿片类
镇痛药的滥用引发了阿片类药物危机/流行病,迫切需要替代的非成瘾性
镇痛药。
催产素是一种垂体激素,是现有小分子治疗的替代品,已被用作镇痛剂以及治疗和预防阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD)。临床实施因其较差的药代动力学特征而受到限制,这是由于天然序列中两个半胱
氨酸残基之间不稳定的二
硫键造成的。通过用稳定的内酰胺取代二
硫键并对 C 末端进行糖苷化,合成了稳定的脑渗透性
催产素类似物。这些类似物对
催产素受体表现出精细的选择性,并在外周(静脉注射)给药后在小鼠体内表现出有效的体内镇痛作用,支持对其临床潜力的进一步研究。