The reactions of p-toluenesulfonylmethyl isocyanide (TosMIC) with α-bromocarbonyl compounds leading efficiently to α-sulfonated ketones, esters, and amides were reported, in which an explicit new role of TosMIC as the sulfonylating agent was uncovered for the first time. Mechanistic study by control experiments and DFT calculations suggested that the reaction is initiated by Cu(OTf)2-catalyzed hydration
的反应p -toluenesulfonylmethyl胩(TOSMIC)用α-溴代化合物有效地导致α-磺化酮,酯和酰胺的报道,其中TOSMIC作为磺酰化剂的显式的新角色被揭露首次。通过对照实验和DFT计算进行的机理研究表明,该反应是由Cu(OTf)2催化的TOSMIC水合引发的,形成了甲酰胺中间体,该中间体在Cs 2 CO 3添加剂的介导下易于进行C-S键裂解。
Pyrovalerone Analogues and Therapeutic Uses Thereof
申请人:Butler David
公开号:US20080234498A1
公开(公告)日:2008-09-25
New compounds that bind to monoamine transporters are described. The compounds of the present invention can be racemic or pure R— or S-enantiomers. Certain preferred compounds of the present invention have a high selectively dopamine transporter versus the serotonin transporter. Preferred monoamine transporters for the practice of the present invention include the dopamine transporter, the serotonin transporter and the norepinephrine transporter.
The invention provides bupropion analogue compounds capable of inhibiting the reuptake of one or more monoamines. The compounds may selectively bind to one or more monoamine transporters, including those for dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Such compounds may be used to treat conditions that are responsive to inhibition of the reuptake of monoamines, including addiction, depression, and obesity.
The invention provides bupropion analogue compounds capable of inhibiting the reuptake of one or more monoamines. The compounds may selectively bind to one or more monoamine transporters, including those for dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Such compounds may be used to treat conditions that are responsive to inhibition of the reuptake of monoamines, including addiction, depression, and obesity.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Bupropion Analogues as Potential Pharmacotherapies for Cocaine Addiction
作者:F. Ivy Carroll、Bruce E. Blough、Philip Abraham、Andrew C. Mills、J. Ashley Holleman、Scott A. Wolckenhauer、Ann M. Decker、Antonio Landavazo、K. Timothy McElroy、Hernán A. Navarro、Michael B. Gatch、Michael J. Forster
DOI:10.1021/jm901189z
日期:2009.11.12
A series of bupropion (1a) analogues (1b-1ff) were synthesized, and their in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties evaluated with the goal of developing a la analogue that had better properties for treating addictions. Their in vitro pharmacological properties were examined by [H-3]dopamine ([H-3]DA), [H-3]serotonin ([H-3](HT)-H-5), and [H-3]norepinephrine ([H-3]NE) uptake inhibition studies, and by binding studies at the dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine transporters using [I-125]RTI-55 in cloned transporters. Several analogues showed increased [H-3]DA uptake inhibition with reduced or little change in [H-3](HT)-H-5 and [H-3]NE uptake inhibition relative to bupropion. Thirty-five analogues were evaluated in a 1 h locomotor activity observation test and 32 in an 8 h locomotor activity observation test and compared to the locomotor activity of cocaine. Twenty-four analogues were evaluated for generalization to cocaine drug discrimination after i.p. administration, and twelve analogues were tested in a tithe course cocaine discrimination study using oral administration. 2-(N-Cyclopropylamino)-3-chloropropiophenone (1x) had the most favorable in vitro efficacy and in vivo pharmacological profile for an indirect dopamine agonist pharmacotherapy for treating cocaine, methamphetamine, nicotine, and other drugs of abuse addiction.