Chemistry of dioxenium cations. Synthetic and mechanistic studies on the stereocontrolled formation of tetrahydropyrans from homoallylic alcohols and ortho esters
摘要:
Despite their long history, dioxenium cations are underutilized reactive synthetic intermediates. It was found that ortho esters and homoallylic alcohols in the presence of Lewis acids provide 4-heterosubstituted pyranosides in a stereoselective manner. The mechanistic course of events was supported by control experiments and synthesis of a putative mixed ortho ester intermediate which exhibited identical reactivity. A transition state for termination of the dioxenium cation-olefin cyclization is proposed, involving intramolecular delivery of chloride by a coordinated tin species. Structure-reactivity relationships indicate that a cation-stabilizing substituent (alkyl or alkoxy) at the internal position of the olefin is required for cyclization. A variety of 3-alkyl-substituted homoallylic alcohols cyclize cleanly to substituted 2-alkoxytetrahydropyrans in good yield. beta-silyloxy silyl enol ethers were found to smoothly provide 4-oxotetrahydropyranosides when subjected to the same reaction conditions. For these substrates, the course of the cyclization proceeds in a different manner involving a rapid intermolecular Mukaiyama aldol condensation followed by transacetalization.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED CARBONYL COMPOUNDS BY OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION OF ALCOHOLS
申请人:Limbach Michael
公开号:US20110004025A1
公开(公告)日:2011-01-06
A process for preparing olefinically unsaturated carbonyl compounds by oxidative dehydrogenation in an oxygenous atmosphere over a supported catalyst which comprises gold and optionally further noble metals at temperatures in the range from 50 to 240° C.
[DE] VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON 3-PHENYL(THIO)URACILEN UND - DITHIOURACILEN<br/>[EN] METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 3-PHENYL(THIO)URACILS AND DITHIOURACILS<br/>[FR] PROCEDE DE PRODUCTION DE 3-PHENYL(THIO)URACILES ET DE 3-PHENYL-DITHIO-URACILES
申请人:BASF AG
公开号:WO2006010474A1
公开(公告)日:2006-02-02
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von 3-Phenyl(thio)uracilen und -dithiouracilen der Formel I, worin die Variablen die in der Beschreibung genannten Bedeutungen haben, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Carbamate der Formel II, wobei die Variablen X1, X3, Ar und A die zuvor genannten Bedeutungen haben und L1für eine nucleophil verdrängbare Abgangsgruppe steht, mit Enaminen der Formel III, wobei die Variablen X2, R1, R2 und R3 die zuvor genannten Bedeutungen haben und L2 für eine nucleophil verdrängbare Abgangsgruppe steht, umgesetzt werden, sowie Zwischenprodukte zu ihrer Herstellung.
Method for producing anellated tetrahydro-{1h}-triazoles
申请人:——
公开号:US20040097728A1
公开(公告)日:2004-05-20
The present invention relates to a process for preparing fused tetrahydro-[
1
H]-triazoles of the formula I
1
where the variables R
a
, Z, Z
1
, X, W, n and Q are as defined in claim 1, by cyclization of compounds of the formula II
2
where R is C(X)OR
2
or C(X)SR
2
, where X is oxygen or sulfur, and R
2
is as defined in claim 1, in the presence of a base.
The invention also relates to compounds of the formula I where W is sulfur if Z is a methylene group optionally substituted by R
a
, and furthermore to compounds of the formula I where Q is a benzoxazole or benzothiazole radical, and to the use of these compounds as herbicides.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Methylated Terpene Analogues Using the Plasticity of Bacterial Terpene Synthases
作者:Anwei Hou、Lukas Lauterbach、Jeroen S. Dickschat
DOI:10.1002/chem.201905827
日期:2020.2.17
Methylated analogues of isopentenyl diphosphate were synthesised and enzymatically incorporated into methylated terpenes. A detailed stereochemical analysis of the obtained products is presented. The methylated terpene precursors were also used in conjunction with various isotopic labellings to gain insights into the mechanisms of their enzymatic formation.
Solvent-controlled additions of organotitanium reagents to olefinic double bonds
作者:Etienne Moret、Manfred Schlosser
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)88920-0
日期:1985.1
Under carefully chosen working conditions (solvent, temperature), methyltitanium reagents smoothly convert homoallyl alcohols having a terminal double-bond into (E)-3-penten-l-ols whereas non-terminal 3-alken-l-ols afford 4-methyl-branched derivatives with configurational inversion of the chain (Z → E; E → Z), stereoselectivities being better than 99%.