An extensive series of CBI analogues of the duocarmycins and CC-1065 exploring substituent effects within the first indole DNA binding subunit is detailed. In general, substitution at the indole C5 position led to cytotoxic potency enhancements that can be ≧1000-fold providing simplified analogues containing a single DNA binding subunit that are more potent (IC
50
=2-3 pM) than CBI-TMI, duocarmycin SA, or CC-1065. The increases in cytotoxicity correlate well with accompanying increases in the rate and efficiency of DNA alkylation. This effect is more pronounced with the CBI versus DSA or CPI based analogues. Moreover, this effect is largely insensitive to the electronic character of the C5 substituent but is sensitive to the size, rigid length, and shape (sp, sp
2
, sp
3
hybridization) of this substituent consistent with expectation that the impact is due simply to its presence.
The present invention includes diaromatic substituted heterocyclic compounds (III) ##STR1## which are useful in treating individuals infected with the HIV virus. The invention includes certain previously generically disclosed anti-AIDS piperazinyl compounds (V) and a method of treating HIV infected individuals with the indoles of formula (V) and the anti-AIDS amines (X).
Iron(II) Triflate as a Catalyst for the Synthesis of Indoles by Intramolecular C−H Amination
作者:Julien Bonnamour、Carsten Bolm
DOI:10.1021/ol2004066
日期:2011.4.15
A practical iron-catalyzed intramolecular C−H amination reaction and its application in the synthesis of indole derivatives are presented. As a catalyst, commercially available iron(II) triflate is used.
(EN) The present invention includes diaromatic substituted heterocyclic compounds (III) which are useful in treating individuals infected with the HIV virus. The invention includes certain previously generically disclosed anti-AIDS piperazinyl compounds (IV) and a method of treating HIV infected individuals with the indoles of formula (V) and the anti-AIDS amines (X).(FR) Composés hétérocyclique (III) diaromatique substitué, utiles dans le traitement d'individus contaminés par le virus VIH. L'invention comprend certains composés (IV) de pipérazinyle anti-SIDA antérieurement décrits, ainsi qu'un procédé de traitement d'individus contaminés par VIH, à l'aide d'indoles de la formule (V) et à l'aide des amines (X) anti-SIDA.
Diketo acids such as S-1360 (1A) and L-731,988 (2) are potent and selective inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase (IN). A plethora of diketo acid-containing compounds have been claimed in patent literature without disclosing much biological activities and synthetic details (reviewed in Neamati, N. Exp. Opin. Ther. Pat. 2002, 12, 709-724). To establish a coherent structure-activity relationship among the substituted indole nucleus bearing a beta-diketo acid moiety, a series of substituted indole-beta-diketo acids (4a-f and 5a-e) were synthesized. All compounds tested showed anti-IN activity at low micromolar concentrations with varied selectivity against the strand transfer process. Three compounds, the indole-3-beta-diketo acids 5a and 5c, and the parent ester 9c, have shown an antiviral activity in cell-based assays. We further confirmed a keto-enolic structure in the 2,3-position of the diketo acid moiety of a representative compound (4c) using NMR and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Using this structure as a lead for all of our computational studies, we found that the title compounds extensively interact with the essential amino acids on the active site of IN.