1,3-Dihydroxyacetone dimer is treated with trimethylsilyl chloride and triethylamine in dichloromethane to provide monomeric ketone having both of its alcohols protected as their di-TMS ethers. The latter is added to phenylmagnesium bromide in ether at -78 degrees C. Work-up by treatment with aqueous ammonium chloride followed by 2 N HCl provides 2-phenylglycerol in 70% yield.
Preparation of silyl enol ethers from acyloin derivatives using silyllithium reagents
作者:Bradley D. Robertson、Aaron M. Hartel
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.01.133
日期:2008.3
A new method for the regioselective preparation of silyl enol ethers from acyloin derivatives using silyllithium reagents has been developed. Both dimethylphenyl- and methyldiphenylsilyllithium were found to be effective, the latter providing greater stereocontrol. The reaction is believed to proceed via Brook rearrangement assisted by expulsion of the adjacent leaving group. A number of acyclic acyloin
The liquid phase oxidation of alpha-phenyl-1a, alpha-trimethylsilyloxy Ib, alpha-cyclopropyl-1c, alpha-trifluoromethyl-1d styrene, and styrene le with oxygen in chlorobenzene and cumene solution in the temperature range 55-125 degrees C was investigated. The product yields were determined gaschromatographically. The epoxide selectivity increases up to 90 degrees C with increasing temperature. The epoxides of la and Ic rearrange at higher temperatures, therefore their yield decreases. The relative chain propagation constants (k(p)C=C) were determined by competitive oxidations of cumene.
Dehomologation of Aldehydes via Oxidative Cleavage of Silyl Enol Ethers with Aqueous Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by Cetylpyridinium Peroxotungstophosphate under Two-Phase Conditions
Dehomologation of aldehydes has been first successfully achieved via oxidative cleavage of silyl enol ethers, derived from aldehydes and trimethylchlorosilane, using aqueous hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a catalytic amount of peroxotungstophophate (PCWP) under phase-transfer conditions. For instance, the oxidation of 1-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-1-octene resulting from octanal and Me3SiCl with 35% H2O2 catalyzed by PCWP in dichloromethane at room temperature afforded the one-carbon shorter aldehyde, heptanal, in 79% yield. A variety of silyl enol ethers were also converted into one-carbon shorter aldehydes in good yields. The oxidation under homogeneous conditions using tert-butyl alcohol gave hydrolysis products such as 2-oxooctanol and octanal. It is of interest that [1-(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-1,10-undecadiene involving an enol moiety and a terminal double bond afforded exclusively 9-decenal, in which the enol moiety was selectively oxidized. A plausible reaction path for the oxidative cleavage of silyl enol ethers by the present system has been suggested from the oxidation results of alpha-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]styrene.