Synthesis of β-aryl-γ-lactones and relationship: Structure – antifeedant and antifungal activity
作者:ANDRZEJ SKROBISZEWSKI、WITOLD GŁADKOWSKI、PAULINA WALCZAK、ANNA GLISZCZYŃSKA、GABRIELA MACIEJEWSKA、TOMASZ KLEJDYSZ、JAN NAWROT、CZESŁAW WAWRZEŃCZYK
DOI:10.1007/s12039-015-0823-0
日期:2015.4
Eighteen racemic β-aryl-γ-lactones derived from simple aromatic aldehydes have been obtained in the chemical synthesis. Iodolactones (5c and 6c) were synthesized from (E)-4-(benzo[d][1′,3′]-dioxol-5′-yl)-but-3-en-2-one (1). Reductive dehalogenation of iodolactones 5a–c and 6a–c afforded γ-ethyl-γ-lactones (7a–c, 8a–c) whereas the unsaturated lactones (9a–c, 10a–c) were obtained by dehydrohalogenation of iodolactones. All synthesized lactones were fully characterized by spectroscopic data (NMR, IR, HRMS) and subjected to the tests on the antifeedant activity towards Tribolium confusum, Trogoderma granarium and Sitophilus granaries as well to the tests on the antifungal activity towards four Fusarium species. The biological tests allowed to find some relationships between the structure and biological activity of the compounds studied. γ-Ethyl- γ-lactones 7a–c, 8a–c and unsaturated lactones 9a–c, 10a-c were usually stronger antifeedants than their parent iodolactones 5a–c and 6a–c. trans-Iodolactones 6a–c were more active than cis isomers 5a-c both in antifeedant and antifungal assays. The structure of aromatic substituent was the key factor in antifungal activity. The lactones with benzo [d][1,3]dioxole ring (5c, 6c, 7c, 8c, 9c) were the most active whereas those with unsubstituted benzene ring exhibited almost no activity.
通过化学合成获得了 18 个由简单芳香醛衍生的外消旋 β-芳基-γ-内酯。碘内酯(5c 和 6c)由 (E)-4-(benzo[d][1′,3′]-dioxol-5′-yl)-but-3-en-2-one (1) 合成。碘内酯 5a-c 和 6a-c 的还原脱卤反应得到了 γ-乙基-γ-内酯(7a-c、8a-c),而不饱和内酯(9a-c、10a-c)则是通过碘内酯的脱氢脱卤反应得到的。通过光谱数据(核磁共振、红外光谱、高分辨质谱)对所有合成的内酯进行了全面的表征,并对其进行了测试,以检验其对蒺藜(Tribolium confusum)、谷斑皮蠹(Trogoderma granarium)和谷斑皮蠹(Sitophilus granaries)的杀虫活性,以及对四种镰刀菌(Fusarium)的抗真菌活性。γ-乙基-γ-内酯 7a-c、8a-c 和不饱和内酯 9a-c、10a-c 通常比它们的母体碘内酯 5a-c 和 6a-c 具有更强的杀灭作用。芳香取代基的结构是影响抗真菌活性的关键因素。具有苯并[d][1,3]二恶茂环的内酯(5c、6c、7c、8c、9c)活性最强,而具有未取代苯环的内酯几乎没有活性。