Flavokawain derivative FLS induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis on breast cancer MCF-7 cell line
作者:Yeap Swee Keong、Norlaily Mohd Ali、Nadeem M Akhtar、Huynh Ky、Kian Lam Lim、Nadiah Abu、Seema Zareen、Ho Wan Yong、Han Alan-Ong、Sheau Wei Tan、Noorjahan Banu Mohamed Alitheen、Jamil Ismail、Tunku Kamarul
DOI:10.2147/dddt.s102164
日期:——
Known as naturally occurring biologically active compounds, flavokawain A and B are the leading chalcones that possess anticancer properties. Another flavokawain derivative, (E)-1-(2'-Hydroxy-4',6'-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methylthio)phenyl)prop-2-ene-1-one (FLS) was characterized with 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance, electron-impact mas spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet (H-1 NMR, EI-MS, IR, and UV) spectroscopic techniques. FLS cytotoxic efficacy against human cancer cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-10A) resulted in the reduction of IC50 values in a time-and dose-dependent mode with high specificity on MCF-7 ( IC50 of 36 mu M at 48 hours) against normal breast cell MCF-10A (no IC50 detected up to 180 mu M at 72 hours). Light, scanning electron, and fluorescent microscopic analysis of MCF-7 cells treated with 36 mu M of FLS displayed cell shrinkage, apoptotic body, and DNA fragmentation. Additionally, induction of G2/M cell arrest within 24 hours and apoptosis at subsequent time points was discovered via flow cytometry analysis. The roles of PLK-1, Wee-1, and phosphorylation of CDC-2 in G2/M arrest and proapoptotic factors (Bax, caspase 9, and p53) in promotion of apoptosis of FLS against MCF-7 cells were discovered using fluorometric, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis. Interestingly, the presence of SCH3 (thiomethyl group) on ring B structure contributed to the selective cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells compared to other chalcones, flavokawain A and B. Overall, our data suggest potential therapeutic value for flavokawain derivative FLS to be further developed as a new anticancer drug.