麻醉剂
一类能够使动物感觉暂时消失，特别是疼痛感消除的药物，主要用于外科手术中。这类药物可以分为全身麻醉药和局部麻醉药两大类。
全身麻醉药依据给药方式可分为：
- 吸入麻醉药：包括乙醚、氟烷、甲氧氟烷、环丙烷及氧化亚氮等。
- 静脉麻醉药：如水合氯醛、巴比妥类及氯胺酮等。其中，氯胺酮又称为分离麻醉药，机体在麻醉状态下会出现意识和感觉的分离。
局部麻醉药主要用于表面麻醉、浸润麻醉、传导麻醉及脊髓麻醉，常用药物包括普鲁卡因、丁卡因及利多卡因等。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 曲美布汀 | trimebutine | 58997-89-0 | C22H29NO5 |
| 普鲁卡因 | Procaine | 59-46-1 | C13H20N2O2 |
| 昔美酸沙美特罗 | salmeterol xinafoate | 94749-08-3 | C11H8O3*C25H37NO4 |
| 布比卡因 | racemic bupivacaine | 38396-39-3 | C18H28N2O |
| 巴氯芬 | 4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid | 1134-47-0 | C10H12ClNO2 |
| 头孢他啶侧链酸活性酯 | Paramyon | 604-92-2 | C24H38I2N2 |
| 哌库溴铵 | Pipecuronium Bromide | 52212-02-9 | C35H62Br2N4O4 |
| 十烃溴铵 | Decamethonium Bromide | 541-22-0 | C16H38Br2N2 |
| 匹维溴铵 | Pinaverium bromide | 53251-94-8 | Br*C26H41BrNO4 |
| 加拉碘铵 | Gallamine Triethiodide | 65-29-2 | C30H60I3N3O3 |
| 利多卡因 | 2-diethylamino-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-acetamide | 137-58-6 | C14H22N2O |
| 依鲁卡因 | α-Diaethylaminomethylbenzylbenzoat | 25314-87-8 | C19H23NO2 |
| 依酚氯铵 | edrophonium chloride | 116-38-1 | C10H16NO*Cl |
| 乙基-(3-羟基苯基)-二甲基氯化铵 | Edrophonium | 312-48-1 | C10H16NO+ |
| 丹曲林钠 | Dantroleno sodium | 14663-23-1 | C14H10N4NaO5 |
| 丙贝卡因 | pribecaine | 55837-22-4 | C16H23NO3 |
| 丙胺卡因 | prilocaine | 721-50-6 | C13H20N2O |
| 丙美卡因 | Propantheline | 298-50-0 | C23H30NO3 |
| 丙美卡因 | Proparacain | 499-67-2 | C16H26N2O3 |
| 丙泮尼地 | propanidid | 1421-14-3 | C18H27NO5 |
| 丙泊酚 | 2,6-diisopropylphenol | 2078-54-8 | C12H18O |
| 丙氧卡因 | Propoxycaine | 86-43-1 | C16H26N2O3 |
| 三甲卡因 | trimecaine | 616-68-2 | C15H24N2O |
| 三氯乙烯 | Trichloroethylene | 79-01-6 | C2HCl3 |
| 七氟烷 | sevoflurane | 28523-86-6 | C4H3F7O |
| 丁氧卡因 | benoxinate | 99-43-4 | C17H28N2O3 |
| 丁卡因 | Tetracaine | 94-24-6 | C15H24N2O2 |
| alpha-氯醛糖 | α-chloralose | 15879-93-3 | C8H11Cl3O6 |
| 3-beta-羟基-5-alpha-孕甾烷-11,20-二酮 | UC1017 | 600-59-9 | C21H32O3 |
| (2beta,3alpha,5alpha,16beta,17beta)-3,17-二乙酰氧基-16-(1-甲基-1-哌啶鎓基)-2-(1-哌啶基)雄甾烷 | Vecuronium | 86029-43-8 | C34H57N2O4+ |
| —— | sodium;1-[(E)-[5-(4-nitrophenyl)furan-2-yl]methylideneamino]imidazolidine-2,4-dione | 24868-20-0 | C14H10N4NaO5+ |
| —— | sodium,5-ethyl-5-[(2S)-pentan-2-yl]-2-sulfanylidenepyrimidin-3-ide-4,6-dione | 71-73-8 | C11H16N2O2S*2Na |
| —— | <i>meso</i>-hexa-<i>N</i>-methyl-4,4'-(1,2-diethyl-ethanediyl)-di-anilinium; diiodide | 604-92-2 | C24H38N2*2I |
| —— | 3-hydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-11-one | 566-02-9 | C21H32O4 |
| —— | 2β,16α-bis(4',4'-dimethyl-1'-piperazino)-3α,17α-diacetoxy-5α-androstane dibromide | 52212-02-9 | 2Br*C35H62N4O4 |
| —— | 2β,16β-bis(4',4'-dimethyl-1'-piperazino)-3α,17α-diacetoxy-5α-androstane dibromide | 52212-02-9 | 2Br*C35H62N4O4 |
| —— | 15500-66-0 | 2Br*C35H60N2O4 | |
| —— | Vecuronium bromide | 50700-72-6 | Br*C34H57N2O4 |
| —— | 1-[(2R,5R,6S,6aR)-6-hydroxy-2-(trichloromethyl)-3a,5,6,6a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl]ethane-1,2-diol | 15879-93-3 | C8H11Cl3O6 |
| —— | 1-[(2R,3aR,5R,6S,6aR)-6-hydroxy-2-(trichloromethyl)-3a,5,6,6a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl]ethane-1,2-diol | 15879-93-3 | C8H11Cl3O6 |
| —— | Dantamacrin | 24868-20-0 | C28H32N8Na2O17 |
| —— | Poncuronium bromide | 15500-66-0 | C35H60BrN2O4+ |
| —— | 1,2-O-trichloroethylidene-α-D-galactofuranose | 15879-93-3 | C8H11Cl3O6 |
| —— | Dantrolene sodium salt | 14663-23-1 | C14H10N4NaO5 |
| —— | (E)-but-2-enedioic acid;[2-(dimethylamino)-2-phenylbutyl] 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate | 34140-59-5 | C22H29NO5.C4H4O4 |
| —— | Dantrolene Sodium Hydrate | 24868-20-0 | C28H32N8Na2O17 |
| —— | Pregnan-3α-ol-11,20-dion | 565-99-1 | C21H32O3 |
| —— | 3α-Hydroxy-5α-pregnan-11,20-dion | 565-99-1 | C21H32O3 |
| —— | 3α-Hydroxy-5β-pregnan-11,20-dion | 565-99-1 | C21H32O3 |
| —— | decamethonium bromide | 541-22-0 | 2Br*C16H38N2 |
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