phenanthrenols were synthesized from commercially available (13)C-labeled starting material giving rise to M + 6 isotopomers. This was accomplished using key palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling and one-carbon homologation strategies. The conditions for these reactions were optimized, and the new chemical routes are efficient in the number of chemical steps, can be scaled to afford gram quantities and occur in
一系列 (13) C 标记的多环
芳烃 (PAH)、
芴醇和
菲酚由市售的 (13) C 标记起始材料合成,产生 M + 6 同位素。这是使用关键的
钯催化交叉偶联和一碳同源策略完成的。这些反应的条件得到了优化,新的
化学路线在
化学步骤的数量上是有效的,可以根据 (13)C 标签进行缩放以提供克数量和良好的产率。这些标记的化合物作为更复杂多环
芳烃的前体,可用作质谱和核磁共振波谱研究中的内标,用于监测环境污染和多环
芳烃及其代谢物的
生物暴露。