Thyroid hormone analogs. Synthesis of 3'-substituted 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronines and quantitative structure-activity studies of in vitro and in vivo thyromimetic activities in rat liver and heart
摘要:
Twenty-nine novel 3'-substituted derivatives of the thyroid hormone 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) have been synthesized by using established methods and by a new route involving manipulation of a 3'-formyl intermediate. In vitro hormone receptor binding (to intact nuclei) and in vivo thyromimetic activity (induction of mitochondrial 3-phosphoglycerate oxidoreductase, GPDH) were measured in rat liver and heart for these new analogues and for the 18 previously reported 3'-substituted 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronines. Analysis of the binding data using theoretical conformational and quantitative structure-affinity methods implies that the 3'-substituent recognition site on the thyroid hormone receptor is hydrophobic and limited in depth to the length of the natural iodo substituent, but has sufficient width to accommodate a phenyl or cyclohexyl group. Receptor binding is reduced by approximately 10-fold in 3'-acyl derivatives which form strong intramolecular acceptor hydrogen bonds with the adjacent 4'-hydroxyl. The compounds studied showed no differences in their relative affinities for heart and liver nuclei, suggesting that receptors in these tissues are similar. However, the relationships between thyromimetic activity (induction of GPDH) and nuclear binding showed some tissue differences. A high correlation between activity and binding is observed for full agonists in the heart, but an equally significant correlation for the liver data is only seen when 3'-substituent bulk (molar refractivity) is included in the analysis. These results suggest the possibility that differential tissue penetration or access to receptors may occur in vivo.
LEESON, PAUL D.;ELLIS, DAVID;EMMETT, JOHN C.;SHAH, VIRENDRA P.;SHOWELL, G+, J. MED. CHEM., 31,(1988) N 1, 37-54
作者:LEESON, PAUL D.、ELLIS, DAVID、EMMETT, JOHN C.、SHAH, VIRENDRA P.、SHOWELL, G+
DOI:——
日期:——
[EN] PYRIDAZINONES FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCER<br/>[FR] PYRIDAZINONES POUR LE TRAITEMENT DU CANCER
申请人:MAX PLANCK GES ZUR FÖRDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN E V
公开号:WO2015189433A1
公开(公告)日:2015-12-17
The present invention relates to novel substituted pyrrolo- and pyrazolo-pyridazinones, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one of these substituted pyrrolo- and pyrazolo-pyridazinones together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient and/or diluent. Said novel substituted pyrrolo- and pyrazolo-pyridazinones are binding to the prenyl binding pocket of PDE5 and therefore, are useful for the prophylaxis and treatment of cancer by inhibition of the binding of PDEδ to farnesylated Ras proteins and thereby, inhibition of oncogenic Ras signaling in cells.
Thyroid hormone analogs. Synthesis of 3'-substituted 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronines and quantitative structure-activity studies of in vitro and in vivo thyromimetic activities in rat liver and heart
作者:Paul D. Leeson、David Ellis、John C. Emmett、Virendra P. Shah、Graham A. Showell、Anthony H. Underwood
DOI:10.1021/jm00396a008
日期:1988.1
Twenty-nine novel 3'-substituted derivatives of the thyroid hormone 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) have been synthesized by using established methods and by a new route involving manipulation of a 3'-formyl intermediate. In vitro hormone receptor binding (to intact nuclei) and in vivo thyromimetic activity (induction of mitochondrial 3-phosphoglycerate oxidoreductase, GPDH) were measured in rat liver and heart for these new analogues and for the 18 previously reported 3'-substituted 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronines. Analysis of the binding data using theoretical conformational and quantitative structure-affinity methods implies that the 3'-substituent recognition site on the thyroid hormone receptor is hydrophobic and limited in depth to the length of the natural iodo substituent, but has sufficient width to accommodate a phenyl or cyclohexyl group. Receptor binding is reduced by approximately 10-fold in 3'-acyl derivatives which form strong intramolecular acceptor hydrogen bonds with the adjacent 4'-hydroxyl. The compounds studied showed no differences in their relative affinities for heart and liver nuclei, suggesting that receptors in these tissues are similar. However, the relationships between thyromimetic activity (induction of GPDH) and nuclear binding showed some tissue differences. A high correlation between activity and binding is observed for full agonists in the heart, but an equally significant correlation for the liver data is only seen when 3'-substituent bulk (molar refractivity) is included in the analysis. These results suggest the possibility that differential tissue penetration or access to receptors may occur in vivo.
Ruthenium-Catalyzed Reductive Amidation without an External Hydrogen Source
作者:Niyaz Z. Yagafarov、Karim M. Muratov、Klim Biriukov、Dmitry L. Usanov、Olga Chusova、Dmitry S. Perekalin、Denis Chusov
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201701527
日期:2018.1.31
A catalytic system for the atom‐economical Ru‐catalyzed reductive amidation of aldehydes was developed. A cyclopentadienyl ruthenium catalyst was employed in this process with loadings as low as 0.5–1 mol‐%, and carbon monoxide was used as the deoxygenative agent. A number amides and aromatic aldehydes were able to successfully afford the corresponding secondary amide in yields of 79–84 %.