Type system provides a precise description of a programminglanguage. This is a prerequisite for the implementation and use of language. It also conducts mechanical and transparent type-checking on programs to prevent the occurrence of execution error during the running of programs. So, it can be said that, on the one hand, type system works as a formal tool to do mathematical analysis of language; on
作者:K. H. Baggaley、S. G. Brooks、J. Green、B. T. Redman
DOI:10.1039/j39710002671
日期:——
The hydroboration of derivatives of 6-methylbicyclo[4,3,0]non-1-en-7-one and various transformations of 6-methylbicyclo[4,3,0]non-1-ene-3,7-dione (3) have been investigated. The preparation and reactions of 2-hydroxy-6-methylbicyclo[4,3,0]non-1-ene-3,7-dione (4) are reported, including a ready synthesis of 6-methyl-cis-bicyclo[4,3,0]nonane-2,7-dione (26) and a rearrangement to give a novel dithian
Acyl radicals: intermolecular and intramolecular alkene addition reactions
作者:Dale L. Boger、Robert J. Mathvink
DOI:10.1021/jo00031a021
日期:1992.2
A full study of the use of phenyl selenoesters as precursors to acyl radicals and their subsequent participation in intermolecular and intramolecular alkene addition reactions is detailed. Primary alkyl-, vinyl-, and aryl-substituted acyl radicals generated by Bu3SnH treatment of the corresponding phenyl selenoesters participate cleanly in intermolecular addition reactions with alkenes bearing electron-withdrawing or radical-stabilizing substituents at rates that exceed those of the potentially competitive decarbonylation or reduction. Similarly, their intramolecular addition to activated or unactivated alkenes proceeds without significant competitive reduction or decarbonylation and at rates generally greater-than-or-equal-to 1 x 10(6) s-1 with some occurring at rates greater-than-or-equal-to 3 x 10(7) s-1. Consistent with their behavior in intermolecular addition reactions, the 5-exo-trig cyclizations of secondary and tertiary alkyl-substituted acyl radicals to an unactivated olefin acceptor may be accompanied by varying degrees of decarbonylation, even under low-temperature free-radical reaction conditions. Studies are presented which suggest that the intramolecular additions of acyl radicals to alkenes under the conditions detailed herein may be regarded as irreversible, kinetically controlled processes which exhibit regioselectivity that is predictable based on well-established empirical rules set forth for the analogous free-radical cyclization reactions of alkyl radicals.
Tandem free-radical alkene addition reactions of acyl radicals
作者:Dale L. Boger、Robert J. Mathvink
DOI:10.1021/ja00166a043
日期:1990.5
Inhoffen; Prinz, Chemische Berichte, 1954, vol. 87, p. 684,689