Fenoxycarb is a white crystalline solid. Selective insecticide.
颜色/状态：
Crystals from petroleum ether
蒸汽压力：
6.5X10-9 mm Hg at 25 °C (8.67X10-4 mPa)
稳定性/保质期：
Stable to hydrolysis in aqueous solutions at pH 3, 7, and 9 at 35 °C and 50 °C.
分解：
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic vapors of nitrogen oxides.
腐蚀性：
Non-corrosive
碰撞截面：
178.44 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW]
保留指数：
2458.6;370.3
计算性质
辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
4.3
重原子数：
22
可旋转键数：
8
环数：
2.0
sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
0.24
拓扑面积：
56.8
氢给体数：
1
氢受体数：
4
ADMET
代谢
甲酰胺通过肝脏酶促水解；降解产物通过肾脏和肝脏排出。
The carbamates are hydrolyzed enzymatically by the liver; degradation products are excreted by the kidneys and the liver. (L793)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
毒性总结
鉴别人和使用：Fenoxycarb 形成无色至白色晶体。Fenoxycarb 是一种O-乙基碳酰胺酯衍生物杀虫剂、杀螨剂、昆虫生长调节剂、性引诱剂或取食刺激剂。它的用途是抑制幼年昆虫到成虫阶段的变态。人体研究：Fenoxycarb 对眼睛有轻微刺激性，对皮肤无刺激性。一名31岁的妇女报告了与Fenoxycarb有关的症状。症状包括恶心、流泪和呼吸困难，未寻求医疗治疗。1994年发生了一起农药事故，当时该产品在一家银行的地毯上使用。十八名工人报告出现呼吸问题、恶心、头痛和喉咙痛。1995年发生了一起农药事故，当时一个人在用机器撒化学药品时接触到该产品，风将其中一些吹进了他的耳朵。这名男子报告耳朵疼痛和耳朵肿胀。1996年发生了一起农药事故，当时一名孕妇在房间使用该产品时接触到了它。这名妇女报告有肺部刺激。1993年发生了一起农药事故，当时一个人戴着手套，在使用该产品时接触到了它。此人报告出现过敏反应，包括瘙痒和水疱。动物研究：对皮肤无刺激性和无致敏性（豚鼠）；对眼睛有轻微刺激性（家兔）。在大鼠食用Fenoxycarb后，胆固醇值增加，肝脏和甲状腺出现组织学变化。在104周喂养大鼠的实验中未观察到致癌效应。在大鼠发育研究中，雌性在600 ppm和两性在1800 ppm时相对肝脏重量增加，雄性出现局部坏死，雌雄成体在1800 ppm时出现肥大，F0雌性和F1雄雌成体在生长期体重下降约10%。在使用Salmonella typhimurium进行的反向突变试验中，Fenoxycarb呈阴性，试验使用了TA1535、TA1537、TA1538、TA97、TA98、TA100、TA102菌株，有和没有代谢活化。生态毒性研究：现有的急性毒性数据显示，Fenoxycarb 对鸟类和小型哺乳动物几乎无毒。与植物保护中使用的浓度相当的Fenoxycarb低暴露浓度，在H. gammarus中引起了内分泌干扰反应。用Fenoxycarb处理后，在四种枝角类动物（Moina macrocopa, M. micrura, Ceriodaphnia dubia 和 C. reticulata）中产生了雄性新生儿。Fenoxycarb未在转基因非洲爪蟾蝌蚪和青鳉仔鱼中引起甲状腺、雄激素或雌激素信号的变化。2000年，在德克萨斯州一个池塘附近使用Fenoxycarb和阿巴美丁后，大约100条鲶鱼死亡。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Fenoxycarb forms colorless to white crystals. Fenoxycarb is an O-ethyl carbamate ester derivative insecticide, miticide, insect growth regulator, sex attractant, or feeding stimulant. It is intended to be used to inhibit metamorphosis of juvenile insects to the adult stage. HUMAN STUDIES: Fenoxycarb is a mild eye irritant and is not irritating to the skin. A 31-year-old woman reported symptoms involving fenoxycarb. The symptoms were nausea, lacrimation and dyspnea/shortness of breath with no medical treatment sought. A pesticide incident occurred in 1994, when the product was applied on carpet in a bank. Eighteen workers reported breathing problems, nausea, headache, and sore throat. A pesticide incident occurred in 1995, when an individual was exposed to the product while spreading the chemical by a machine and the wind deposited some of it into his ear. The man reported ear pain and a swollen ear. A pesticide incident occurred in 1996, when a pregnant woman was exposed to the product when a room was treated with it. The woman reported pulmonary irritation. A pesticide incident occurred in 1993, when an individual, who wore gloves, was exposed while the product was applied around the house. The individual reported an allergic reaction including itching, blistering. ANIMAL STUDIES: Non-irritating and non-sensitizing to skin (guinea pig); mild eye irritant (rabbit). In rats fed fenoxycarb increased cholesterol values and histological changes in liver and thyroid were described. No oncogenic effects were observed in rats fed for 104 weeks. In developmental studies in rats relative liver weights increased in females at 600 ppm and in both sexes at 1800 ppm, with focal necrosis in males and hypertrophy in male and female adults at 1800 ppm, about 10% body weight decrements noted in F0 females and F1 male and female adults during growth phase. Fenoxycarb was negative when tested with Salmonella typhimurium in a reverse mutation assay using strains TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102 with and without metabolic activation. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: The available acute toxicity data indicate that fenoxycarb is practically nontoxic to birds and also practically nontoxic to small mammals. The low exposure concentrations of fenoxycarb, comparable to those used in plant protection, resulted in endocrine disrupted responses in H. gammarus. Treatment with fenoxycarb resulted in the production of male neonates in four species (Moina macrocopa, M. micrura, Ceriodaphnia dubia and C. reticulata) of cladoceran. Fenoxycarb did not cause any changes in thyroid, androgen or estrogen signaling in transgenic Xenopus laevis tadpoles and medaka fry. In 2000, mortality of approximately 100 catfish occurred in a Texas pond following application of fenoxycarb and abamectin adjacent to the pond.
Fenoxycarb is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Carbamates form unstable complexes with chlolinesterases by carbamoylation of the active sites of the enzymes. This inhibition is reversible. A cholinesterase inhibitor suppresses the action of acetylcholine esterase. Because of its essential function, chemicals that interfere with the action of acetylcholine esterase are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Acetylcholine esterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve and muscle junctions, in order to allow the muscle or organ to relax. The result of acetylcholine esterase inhibition is that acetylcholine builds up and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are continually transmitted and muscle contractions do not stop.
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
致癌性证据
癌症分类：可能对人类致癌
Cancer Classification: Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
致癌性证据
1995年，癌症同行评审委员会将fenoxycarb归类为B2组——可能的的人类致癌物...
In 1995, the Cancer Peer Review Committee classified fenoxycarb as a Group B2-probably human carcinogen... .
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
喷洒和应用非砷杀虫剂涉及到的暴露可能对人类具有致癌性（2A组）。
Spraying and application of nonarsenical insecticides entail exposures that are probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). (L135)
... Rambouillet sheep... were dosed daily with a placebo or with fenoxycarb at 0.69 or 1.38 mg/kg/day, representing ten (10x) and 20 times (20x) the maximum amounts of fenoxycarb in forage or hay treated at recommended levels for fire ant control. ... Means of hepatic fenoxycarb residues in the rams followed a statistically significant (P < or = 0.05) dose-related pattern. No fenoxycarb was detected (detection limit of 5 ppb) in any neonatal liver, despite the presence of hepatic fenoxycarb residues in the treated ewes, indicating that transplacental transport of fenoxycarb was minimal. No fenoxycarb was detected in any lamb liver at 28 days, although both the colostrum and the milk of exposed ewes were found to contain fenoxycarb at levels proportional to the treatments. ...
[EN] ACC INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE L'ACC ET UTILISATIONS ASSOCIÉES
申请人：GILEAD APOLLO LLC
公开号：WO2017075056A1
公开（公告）日：2017-05-04
The present invention provides compounds I and II useful as inhibitors of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC), compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.
[EN] BICYCLYL-SUBSTITUTED ISOTHIAZOLINE COMPOUNDS<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS ISOTHIAZOLINE SUBSTITUÉS PAR UN BICYCLYLE
申请人：BASF SE
公开号：WO2014206910A1
公开（公告）日：2014-12-31
The present invention relates to bicyclyl-substituted isothiazoline compounds of formula (I) wherein the variables are as defined in the claims and description. The compounds are useful for combating or controlling invertebrate pests, in particular arthropod pests and nematodes. The invention also relates to a method for controlling invertebrate pests by using these compounds and to plant propagation material and to an agricultural and a veterinary composition comprising said compounds.
The present invention relates to azoline compounds of formula (I) wherein A, B1, B2, B3, G1, G2, X1, R1, R3a, R3b, Rg1 and Rg2 are as defined in the claims and the description. The compounds are useful for combating or controlling invertebrate pests, in particular arthropod pests and nematodes. The invention also relates to a method for controlling invertebrate pests by using these compounds and to plant propagation material and to an agricultural and a veterinary composition comprising said compounds.
