Intramolecular Larock indole synthesis for the preparation of tricyclic indoles and its application in the synthesis of tetrahydropyrroloquinoline and fargesine
作者:Yan Gao、Dong Shan、Yanxing Jia
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2014.05.108
日期:2014.8
A general and efficient strategy for fused tricyclic indoles from substituted 2-halogenanilines via the palladium-catalyzed intramolecular Larock indolization process has been developed. Using this strategy, a number of 3,4- and 3,5-fused indoles with a variety of ring sizes can been prepared. The utility of this method is demonstrated through the synthesis of the known tetrahydropyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinoline
已经开发了通过钯催化的分子内Larock吲哚化过程从取代的2-卤代苯胺中稠合三环吲哚的通用和有效策略。使用这种策略,可以制备许多具有各种环尺寸的3,4-和3,5-稠合的吲哚。该方法的实用性通过已知的四氢吡咯并[4,3,2- de ]喹啉10的合成和Fargesine的第一个全合成来证明。
A Pd(0)-Mediated Indole (Macro)cyclization Reaction
作者:Steven P. Breazzano、Yam B. Poudel、Dale L. Boger
DOI:10.1021/ja3121394
日期:2013.1.30
Herein we report a systematic study of the Larock indole annulation designed to explore the scope and define the generality of its use in macrocyclization reactions, its use in directly accessing the chloropeptin I versus II DEF ring system as well as key unnatural isomers, its utility for both peptide-derived and more conventional carbon-chain based macrocycles, and its extension to intramolecular cyclizations with formation of common ring sizes. The studies define a powerful method complementary to the Stile or Suzuki cross-coupling reactions for the synthesis of cyclic or macrocyclic ring systems containing an embedded indole, tolerating numerous functional groups and incorporating various (up to 28-membered) ring sizes. As a result of the efforts to expand the usefulness and scope of the reaction, we also disclose a catalytic variant of the reaction, along with a powerful Pd-2(dba)(3)-derived catalyst system, and an examination of the factors impacting reactivity and catalysis.