Dantrolene analogues revisited: general synthesis and specific functions capable of discriminating two kinds of Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum of mouse skeletal muscle
作者:Takamitsu Hosoya、Hiroshi Aoyama、Takaaki Ikemoto、Yasutaka Kihara、Toshiyuki Hiramatsu、Makoto Endo、Masaaki Suzuki
DOI:10.1016/s0968-0896(02)00600-4
日期:2003.3
The general synthesis of dantrolene analogues with various substituents on its phenyl ring has been developed via palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, the Stille or Suzuki reaction, as the key step. The effects of synthesized analogues have been evaluated by two kinds of Ca2+ release modes from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of mouse skeletal muscle fibers based on: (1) the measurement of twitch contraction caused by the physiological Ca2+ release (PCR) of intact skeletal muscle and (2) the rate of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) in saponin-treated skinned muscle fibers. Although dantrolene, a lead compound, inhibits both twitch contraction and CICR, some structurally modified analogues exhibit one or the other of these effects. The methoxy congener, GIF-0185, potently inhibits the twitch contraction without affecting the CICR, while GIF-0166 and GIF-0248, the ortho-nitro regioisomer and ortho, ortho-dinitro substituted analogues, respectively, doubly potentiate the CICR exclusively. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.