作者:E. G. V. PERCIVAL、I. A. FORBES
DOI:10.1038/1421076a0
日期:1938.12
IN continuation of our former communication1 we are now able to confirm that the substance (X) derived from agar is a derivative of 3: 6-anhydro-l-galactose as recently advanced by Hands and Peat2. 3: 6-Anhydro-β-methyl-d-galactoside, m.p. 118°, [ñ]200D = â113° in water has now been synthesized from the crystalline triacetyl 6-p-toluenesulphonyl ñ-d-galactosyl-1-bromide ([ñ]D = +157°) of Ohle and Thiel3 by treatment with silver carbonate and methyl alcohol followed by deacylation with sodium hydroxide. Methylation of this substance yielded quantitatively crystalline 2: 4-dimethyl 3: 6-anhydro-β-methyl-d-galactoside, m.p. 82°, [ñ]200D = â77° in water, â86° in chloroform, which is undoubtedly the enantiomorph of (X), since the properties are the same but the sign of the rotation is reversed (mixed m.p. 65°). We have obtained further confirmation of this point by the preparation of the anilides of the dimethyl anhydro sugars, 2: 4-dimethyl 3: 6-anhydro-d-galactose anilide having m.p. 118°, whilst the corresponding derivative from agar had m.p. 117° strongly depressed on admixture with the d-anilide. Furthermore, the properties and stability of the lactones produced on oxidation are in agreement with these findings, so that the substance (X) must be regarded as 2: 4-dimethyl 3: 6-anhydro-β-methyl-l-galactoside.
根据我们之前的沟通,我们现在能够确认,从琼脂中提取的物质(X)是3:6-脱水-l-半乳糖的衍生物,正如Hands和Peat最近提出的那样。3:6-脱水-β-甲基-d-半乳糖苷,熔点为118°C,[α]200D = -113°在水中,现在已经通过Ohle和Thiel的结晶三乙酰基6-对甲苯磺酰基α-d-半乳糖基-1-溴化物([α]D = +157°)与碳酸银和甲醇反应后再用氢氧化钠进行去酰基化合成。对该物质进行甲基化反应定量获得结晶2:4-二甲基3:6-脱水-β-甲基-d-半乳糖苷,熔点为82°C,[α]200D = -77°在水中,-86°在氯仿中,显然是(X)的对映体,因为其性质相同但旋光性符号相反(混合熔点65°C)。我们通过制备二甲基脱水糖的苯胺衍生物进一步确认了这一点,2:4-二甲基3:6-脱水-d-半乳糖苷苯胺的熔点为118°C,而对应的琼脂衍生物的熔点为117°C,与d-苯胺混合时熔点明显降低。此外,氧化后产生的内酯的性质和稳定性与这些发现一致,因此物质(X)必须被视为2:4-二甲基3:6-脱水-β-甲基-l-半乳糖苷。