Development of Novel EDG3 Antagonists Using a 3D Database Search and Their Structure−Activity Relationships
摘要:
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (SIP) is an intracellular second messenger and an extracellular mediator through endothelial differentiation gene (EDG) receptors, which are a novel class of G-protein-coupled receptors. Although EDG has attracted much attention because of its various roles, no selective agonists or antagonists have yet been developed. This could account for the delay in clarifying the physiological roles of members of the EDG family. Because precise structural information on EDG receptors is not yet available, pharmacophore models were generated based on structural information for SIP using the rational drug design software Catalyst. Novel antagonists, 2-alkylthiazolidine-4-carboxylic acids, were retrieved from a three-dimensional database search using the pharmacophore models, and these showed activity for EDG3. On the basis of their nonphosphoric acid structure, more potent antagonists, 2-(m- or p-heptylphenyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, were developed.
Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative<i>sp</i>-<i>sp</i><sup>2</sup>Cross-Coupling Reactions of Aryl and Vinyl Halides and Triflates with α,β-Ynoic Acids using Silver Oxide
作者:Hyunseok Kim、Phil Ho Lee
DOI:10.1002/adsc.200900502
日期:2009.11
Palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative sp-sp2 cross-couplingreactions of aryl and vinyl halides and triflates with α,β-ynoic acids using silver oxide have been developed. A variety of α,β-ynoic acids were readily decarboxylated in the presence of silver oxide and then, generated in situ, silver acetylides were coupled with electrophiles in the presence of a palladium(0) catalyst under neutral conditions
Use of functionalized onium salts as a soluble support for organic synthesis
申请人:Vaultier Michel
公开号:US20070043234A1
公开(公告)日:2007-02-22
The invention relates to the use of a onium salt functionalized by at least one organic function, as a soluble support, in the presence of at least one organic solvent, for organic synthesis of a molecule, in a homogenous phase, by at least one transformation of said organic function. The onium salt enables the synthesized molecule to be released. The onium salt is present in liquid or solid form at room temperature and corresponds to formula A
1
+
, X
1
−
, wherein A
1
+
represents a cation and X
1
−
represents an anion.
The platinum-catalyzed hydrosilylation of unsymmetrical substituted arylalkynes with various hydrosilanes was investigated and the reaction selectivity of various para-substituted substrates was compared with that of their corresponding ortho-substituted derivatives. We showed that heterogeneous platinum oxide is a very efficient catalyst for such hydrosilylations and that H-Si bond addition proceeds in a stereoselective cis-fashion. The regioselectivity was found to be under the control of the ortho-substituent rather than due to the nature of the platinum catalyst. Arylalkynes with an ortho-substituent provided predominantly to exclusively α-selectivity, regardless of the electronic nature of the substituent. The precise contributions of steric, electronic, and coordinative factors controlling the regioselectivity of the H-Si bond addition are discussed.
[GRAPHICS]PtO2- and H2PtCl6-catalyzed hydrosilylation of internal aryl alkynes having a para or an ortho substituent with triethylsilane are discussed and compared. The regioselectivity of the H-Si bond addition was found to be controlled by the ortho substituent rather than the nature of the platinum catalyst. Arylallcynes with an ortho substituent, regardless of its electronic nature, directed the silyl substituent mainly to the a-position. PtO2 proved to be a versatile and powerful catalyst compared to H2PtCl6 since it prevents the alkyne reduction.
Sonogashira Cross-Coupling Using Carbon Aerogel Doped with Palladium Nanoparticles; A Recoverable and Reusable Catalyst
The Sonogashira cross coupling of aryl iodides with terminal alkynes has been carried out in the presence of carbon aerogels doped with metallic palladium nanoparticles. Coupling products have been isolated in excellent yields and the catalyst system can be easily recovered in the presence of air without any particular precautions and reused several times.