Biotransformation of the Brassica Phytoalexin Brassicanal A by the Blackleg Fungus
摘要:
The biotransformation of the brassica phytoalexin brassicanal A by the blackleg fungus [Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces. et de Not., asexual stage Phoma lingam (Tode ex Fr.) Desm] was investigated. Three main biotransformation products were detected and isolated; their chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic methods and concomitant synthesis. Additionally, the antifungal activities of brassicanal A and its biotransformation products were compared. Overall, the biotransformation pathway suggests that the blackleg fungus has enzymes to carry out this biotransformation different from those involved in the biotransformation of the brassica phytoalexin brassinin.
Strategies of Cruciferous Pathogenic Fungi: Detoxification of the Phytoalexin Cyclobrassinin by Mimicry
作者:M. Soledade C. Pedras、Francis I. Okanga
DOI:10.1021/jf980854r
日期:1999.3.1
(Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn) and blackleg [Phomalingam (Tode ex Fr.) Desm., asexual stage of Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces. et de Not.] fungi is reported. It was established that R. solani metabolized and detoxified cyclobrassinin via the phytoalexin brassicanal A, which was further transformed into nontoxic products. Detoxification of cyclobrassinin in P. lingam avirulent isolate Unity occurred via
致病性根腐烂菌(Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn)和黑腿病(Phoma lingam(Tode ex Fr.)Desm。,十字花科黄斑狼疮(Desm。)Ces的无性繁殖期,十字花科植物抗毒素环花青素的显着代谢。等]真菌的报道。已经确定,茄尼色单胞菌通过植物抗毒素黄铜素A代谢和解毒了环孢素,并将其进一步转化为无毒产品。灵芝P. lingam无毒分离株中环花青素的解毒通过植物抗毒素黄铜素而发生,而灵芝P.毒性分离株BJ 125中的解毒则通过植物抗毒素二氧西ass素发生。描述了这三种明显不同途径的中间体的结构确定中涉及的化学及其抗真菌活性。此外,据报道,通过模仿真菌的生物转化途径,高效合成了植物抗毒素类芸苔素A和黄铜抗毒素。讨论了这些前所未有的转变的含义。
Syntheses of Wasabi Phytoalexin (Methyl 1-Methoxyindole-3-carboxylate) and Its 5-Iodo Derivative, and Their Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
A simple synthetic method for methyl 1-methoxyindole-3-carboxylate, a phytoalexin isolated from Wasabia japonica, syn. Eutrema wasabi, and its 5-iodo derivative is reported. They underwent nucleophilic substitution reactions selectively at the 2-position.
Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction of 1-Methoxyindole-3-carbaldehyde
1-Methoxyindole-3-carbaldehyde is proved to be a versatile electrophile and reacts regioselectively at the 2-position with various types of nucleophiles providing 2-substituted indole-3-carbaldehydes.
The Chemistry of 1-Hydroxyindole Derivatives: Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions on Indole Nucleus
Nucleophilic substitution reactions were newly found to occur generally in the chemistry of 1-hydroxyindole derivatives. Its application to the synthesis of a phytoalexin, brassicanal A, is reported.
Tomchin; Marysheva, Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1999, vol. 35, # 7, p. 1060 - 1068