2-cyano-3-oxo-5-phenyl-pent-4-enoic acid ethyl ester | 92200-12-9

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯丙烷和聚酮 - 肉桂酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: 2-cyano-3-oxo-5-phenyl-pent-4-enoic acid ethyl ester
• 英文别名: 2-Cyan-3-oxo-5-phenyl-pent-4-ensaeure-aethylester；Cinnamoylcyanessigsaeure-aethylester；Ethyl 2-cyano-3-oxo-5-phenyl-4-pentenoate；ethyl (E)-2-cyano-3-oxo-5-phenylpent-4-enoate
• CAS: 92200-12-9
• 化学式: C₁₄H₁₃NO₃
• 分子量: 243.262
• InChiKey: CVPFLDSQIIUCJD-CMDGGOBGSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.4
• 重原子数：
  18
• 可旋转键数：
  6
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.21
• 拓扑面积：
  67.2
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  sodium cyanoacetic acid ethyl ester 、 肉桂酰氯 生成 2-cyano-3-oxo-5-phenyl-pent-4-enoic acid ethyl ester 、 2-cinnamoyl-2-cyano-3-oxo-5-phenyl-pent-4-enoic acid ethyl ester
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Systemic mycophenolate mofetil in comparison with systemic cyclosporin A in high-risk keratoplasty patients: 3 years' results of a randomized prospective clinical trial

  摘要：

  Background: With the use of systemic cyclosporin A (CsA), graft prognosis after high-risk penetrating keratoplasty has improved considerably. However, the application of CsA is limited owing to a variety of severe side effects. In this prospectively randomized study mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), a safe and efficient immunosuppressive medication after renal transplantation, was compared with CsA after high-risk penetrating keratoplasty. Methods: Twenty-nine high-risk keratoplasty patients were treated with MMF 2 x 1 g daily; another 27 patients received CsA, aiming at blood trough levels of 120-150 ng/ml. Systemic immunosuppression was scheduled for 6 months. In both groups oral corticosteroids (fluocortolone 1 mg/kg) were administered for 3 weeks postoperatively. Results: During the first year after operation, no graft failure was recorded. Two years postoperatively 92%/82% and 3 years postoperatively 74%/69% of grafts were clear in the MMF and CsA group, respectively (Kaplan Meier P=0.33, log-rank test). In total, two graft failures were recorded in the MMF group and four in the CsA group. Three years postoperatively 53% of the grafts were rejection-free in the MMF group and 73% in the CsA group (Kaplan Meier P=0.46, log-rank test). Eight endothelial immune reactions were observed in the MMF group (three under systemic immunosuppression/five thereafter; six mild/two severe) and five in the CsA group (three under systemic immunosuppression/two thereafter; three mild/two severe). Side effects occurred in six patients under MMF and 11 under CsA. Conclusions: Concerning efficacy, no statistically significant difference between systemic MMF and systemic CsA administered for 6 months after high-risk penetrating keratoplasty could be shown. Systemic MMF was proven to be at least as safe as CsA. The main mechanism in improving graft survival is a shift from severe to milder endothelial immune reactions, as already demonstrated for CsA. Thus, MMF may become an alternative to CsA for immunosuppression after penetrating high-risk keratoplasty. About 2 years postoperatively, pharmacologically induced relative immunological tolerance slowly decreases. Therefore, longterm administration of systemic MMF should be evaluated in further studies.

  DOI：

  10.1007/s004170100285

文献信息

• Haller, Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 1888, vol. 107, p. 106
  作者：Haller

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• Systemic mycophenolate mofetil in comparison with systemic cyclosporin A in high-risk keratoplasty patients: 3 years' results of a randomized prospective clinical trial
  作者：Thomas Reinhard、Alexander Reis、Daniel Böhringer、Michael Malinowski、Adina Voiculescu、Peter Heering、Erhard Godehardt、Rainer Sundmacher

  DOI：10.1007/s004170100285

  日期：2001.6

  Background: With the use of systemic cyclosporin A (CsA), graft prognosis after high-risk penetrating keratoplasty has improved considerably. However, the application of CsA is limited owing to a variety of severe side effects. In this prospectively randomized study mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), a safe and efficient immunosuppressive medication after renal transplantation, was compared with CsA after high-risk penetrating keratoplasty. Methods: Twenty-nine high-risk keratoplasty patients were treated with MMF 2 x 1 g daily; another 27 patients received CsA, aiming at blood trough levels of 120-150 ng/ml. Systemic immunosuppression was scheduled for 6 months. In both groups oral corticosteroids (fluocortolone 1 mg/kg) were administered for 3 weeks postoperatively. Results: During the first year after operation, no graft failure was recorded. Two years postoperatively 92%/82% and 3 years postoperatively 74%/69% of grafts were clear in the MMF and CsA group, respectively (Kaplan Meier P=0.33, log-rank test). In total, two graft failures were recorded in the MMF group and four in the CsA group. Three years postoperatively 53% of the grafts were rejection-free in the MMF group and 73% in the CsA group (Kaplan Meier P=0.46, log-rank test). Eight endothelial immune reactions were observed in the MMF group (three under systemic immunosuppression/five thereafter; six mild/two severe) and five in the CsA group (three under systemic immunosuppression/two thereafter; three mild/two severe). Side effects occurred in six patients under MMF and 11 under CsA. Conclusions: Concerning efficacy, no statistically significant difference between systemic MMF and systemic CsA administered for 6 months after high-risk penetrating keratoplasty could be shown. Systemic MMF was proven to be at least as safe as CsA. The main mechanism in improving graft survival is a shift from severe to milder endothelial immune reactions, as already demonstrated for CsA. Thus, MMF may become an alternative to CsA for immunosuppression after penetrating high-risk keratoplasty. About 2 years postoperatively, pharmacologically induced relative immunological tolerance slowly decreases. Therefore, longterm administration of systemic MMF should be evaluated in further studies.