The preparation of 3-hydroxymethyl-1-tetradecylpyridinium bromide and its use
as a catalyst of nucleophilic aromatic substitution and also amide hydrolysis
are reported. It was found that the hydroxydehalogenation of nitro-activated
aryl halides was much faster in these micelles than in the presence of
cetyl(2-hydroxyethyl)dimethylammonium bromide. It was concluded that the
increased catalysis of nucleophilic aromatic substitution by this micelle was
due to a faster decomposition of the aryl micellar ether which must occur
before the phenolate product is released. No such difference in the two
micelles was found for amide or thioamide hydrolysis since in these reactions
the product amine is produced in the first step of the reaction and
decomposition of the acylated micelle is not required in the rate-determining
step of the reaction.
3-hydroxymethyl-1-tetradecylpyridinium bromide 的制备及其作为亲核芳香取代催化剂和酰胺水解催化剂的用途
作为亲核芳香取代和酰胺水解的催化剂
报告。研究发现,硝基活化的芳基卤化物的羟基脱卤反应速度更快。
芳基卤化物的羟基脱卤反应比在有
十六烷基(2-羟乙基)二甲基溴化铵。结论是
这种胶束对亲核芳族取代反应的催化作用增强是由于
是由于芳基胶束醚的分解速度更快,这必须在苯酚产物释放出来之前发生。
在苯酚产物释放出来之前必须发生。两种
胶束在酰胺或硫代酰胺水解中没有发现这种差异,因为在这些反应中
在这些反应中,产物胺在反应的第一步就产生了,而酰化的硫代酰胺在反应的第二步就分解了。
在决定反应速率的步骤中不需要酰化胶束的分解。
分解。