An efficient synthetic route toward the preparation of a complete series of monosubstituted tetraalkylammonium cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives is presented. Monotosylation of native CDs (α-, β-, γ-) at position 6 gave the starting material. Reaction of monotosylate (mono-Ts-CD) with 45% aqueous trimethylamine gave CDs substituted with one cationic functional group in a single step. Derivatives equipped with a substituent containing two cationic sites separated by an ethylene or a propylene linker were prepared by reacting mono-Ts-CD with neat N,N,N’-trimethylethane-1,2-diamine or N,N,N’-trimethylpropane-1,3-diamine and subsequent methylation by CH3I in good yields. Finally, analogues bearing a moiety with three tetraalkylammonium sites were synthesized by reacting mono-Ts-CD with bis(3-aminopropyl)amine and subsequent methylation. The majority of the presented reactions are very straightforward with a simple work-up, which avoids the need of chromatographic separation. Thus, these reactions are suitable for the multigram-scale production of monosubstituted cationic CDs.
一种高效的合成路线用于制备一系列单取代四烷基
铵环糊精(CD)衍
生物。在6位点上对天然CDs(α-,β-,γ-)进行单磺酰化得到起始物质。单
磺酸酯(单-Ts-CD)与45%
水合
三甲胺的反应在单步中给出了带有一个阳离子功能基团的CDs取代物。通过将单-Ts-CD与纯净的N,N,N’-三甲基
乙烷-1,2-二胺或N,N,N’-三甲基
丙烷-1,3-二胺反应,并随后通过
CH3I进行甲基化,制备了含有由
乙烯或
丙烯连接剂分隔的两个阳离子位点的取代物。最后,通过将单-Ts-CD与双(3-
氨基丙基)胺反应并随后进行甲基化,合成了带有三个四烷基
铵位点的类似物。所提出的大多数反应非常直接,工作简单,避免了色谱分离的需要。因此,这些反应适用于生产单取代阳离子CDs的多克级规模。