Bridged Dithienylethylenes as Precursors of Small Bandgap Electrogenerated Conjugated Polymers
摘要:
Bridged dithienylethylenes (DTEs) bearing solubilizing alkyl chains at various positions (2-5) have been synthesized by McMurry dimerization of cyclopenta[b]thiophen-6-ones. In order to introduce alkyl substituents at different positions of the DTE molecule, the precursor ketones have been prepared by different strategies based on a combination of Mannich or Wittig-Horner reaction and Friedel-Craft intramolecular cyclization. The position and the length of the alkyl substituents exert a strong effect on the ability of the precursor to undergo electrochemical polymerization. Thus, whereas substitution at the alpha-position of the ethylene linkage (3) results in a rapid inhibition of electropolymerization, introduction of alkyl chains at the beta-position (4, 5) greatly improves the efficiency of the polymerization process. The analysis of the electrochemical and optical properties of the polymers shows that rigidification of the DTE molecule leads to a significant decrease of the oxidation potential and bandgap. A comparative analysis of DTE and its bridged analogues by means of X-ray diffraction reveals, in agreement with experimental and theoretical results, that the observed reduction of both the HOMO-LUMO gap of the precursor and the bandgap of the corresponding polymers are related to a relaxation of bond length alternation in the DTE moiety.
A general strategy for the hydroalkylation of vinyl ketones using ethers catalyzed by an iron catalyst is described. This catalytic method permits direct transformation of easily accessible and abundant precursors into highly substituted, structurally diverse and functionally concentrated products.
We report the first example of the enantioselective conjugateaddition of alkenes (aromatic enamines) to enones catalyzed by chiral primary amines. The reactions encompass a plethora of α,β-enones including difficult α-substituted vinyl ketones to give vinylation adducts in high yields with good enantioselectivity. The methodology is of synthetic potential in accessing chiral functional materials.
Kinetic Resolution of Aryl Alkenylcarbinols Catalyzed by Fc-PIP
作者:Bin Hu、Meng Meng、Shanshan Jiang、Weiping Deng
DOI:10.1002/cjoc.201200410
日期:2012.6
An effective kineticresolution of a variety of arylalkenylcarbinolscatalyzed by nonenzymatic acyl transfer catalyst Fc‐PIP was developed, affording corresponding unreacted alcohols in good to excellent ee value up to 99% and with selectivity factors up to 24.
A new transition-metal-free reductive deoxygenative olefination of phosphorus ylides with CO2, an abundant and sustainable C1 chemical feedstock, is described. This catalytic CO2 fixation afforded β-unsubstituted acrylates and vinyl ketones in good yields with broad scope and good functional group tolerance under mild reaction conditions. Cost-effective and easily handled polymethylhydrosiloxane was