Photoreleasable protecting groups based on electron transfer chemistry. Donor sensitized release of phenacyl groups from alcohols, phosphates and diacids
摘要:
The electron transfer mediated photochemical release of alcohols, phosphates and diacids is examined. The alcohols can be protected as mixed phenacyl carbonate esters. Irradiation of mixtures containing electron donating sensitizers and phenacyl alkyl carbonate ester initiates a series of bond scission reactions that result in clean release of the corresponding alcohols. This was demonstrated for a variety of primary, secondary and tertiary hydroxyl groups, including the 5'-hydroxy group of thymidine. Sensitizers that were effective in promoting photolytic release include 9,10-dimethylanthracene and 9-methylcarbazole. GC/MS and NMR analysis of the by-products formed in these release reactions implicates the intermediacy of radical ion intermediates in these reactions. It is further demonstrated that the electron transfer sensitized release method can be extended to phosphate esters and di-functional acids. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Highly Enantioselective Three-Component Direct Mannich Reactions of Unfunctionalized Ketones Catalyzed by Bifunctional Organocatalysts
作者:Qunsheng Guo、John Cong-Gui Zhao
DOI:10.1021/ol303315c
日期:2013.2.1
stereoselective three-component direct Mannich reaction between aromatic aldehydes, p-toluenesulfonamide, and unfunctionalized ketones was achieved through an enolate mechanism for the first time with a bifunctional quinidine thiourea catalyst. The corresponding N-tosylated β-aminoketones were obtained in high yields and excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to >99:1 dr and >99% ee).
芳香醛、对甲苯磺酰胺和未官能化酮之间的高度立体选择性三组分直接曼尼希反应首次通过烯醇机制与双官能奎尼丁硫脲催化剂实现。以高产率和出色的非对映选择性和对映选择性(高达 >99:1 dr 和 >99% ee)获得了相应的N-甲苯磺酰化 β-氨基酮。
Asymmetric Dearomatization/Cyclization Enables Access to Polycyclic Chemotypes
作者:Mikayo Hayashi、Lauren E. Brown、John A. Porco
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201601003
日期:2016.10
interaction. Dearomatized products were used in visible light-mediated photocycloadditions and oxidative free radical cyclizations to obtain novel polycyclic chemotypes including tricyclo[4.3.1.01,4]decan-10-ones, bicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-ones and highly-substituted cycloheptanones.
Pd-Catalyzed Tandem [5 + 2] Cycloaddition/Ring Contraction of Phthalide-Derived Alkenes and Vinylethylene Carbonates for the Construction of Benzo-[5,5]-spiroketal Lactones
作者:Qiang Xiong、Ji Lu、Liu Shi、Guang-Yao Ran
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01114
日期:2022.5.13
An annulation of phthalide-derived activated alkenes is initially disclosed in this work. Specifically, we have developed an unprecedented [5 + 2] cycloaddition/ring-contraction tandem process of activated tetrasubstituted alkenes derived from phthalides or butyrolactone with vinylethylene carbonates under Pd(0) catalysis. Differing from the traditional spirolactonization strategy, this method renders
In the presence of a palladium(0) catalyst, ketone alpha-carbonates react with norbornene to give a cyclopropane derivative via an oxa-pi-allylpalladium intermediate.