Development of Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Aldo–Keto Reductase 1C3 (Type 5 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase) Based on N-Phenyl-Aminobenzoates and Their Structure–Activity Relationships
摘要:
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3; type 5 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) is overexpressed in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and is implicated in the intratumoral biosynthesis of testosterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone. Selective AKR1C3 inhibitors are required because compounds should not inhibit the highly related AKR1C1 and AKR1C2 isoforms which are involved in the inactivation of Sa-dihydrotestosterone. NSAIDs, N-phenylanthranilates in particular, are potent but nonselective AKR1C3 inhibitors. Using flufenamic acid, 2-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino}benzoic acid, as lead compound, five classes of structural analogues were synthesized and evaluated for AKR1C3 inhibitory potency and selectivity. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies revealed that a meta-carboxylic acid group relative to the amine conferred pronounced AKR1C3 selectivity without loss of potency, while electron withdrawing groups on the phenylamino B-ring were optimal for AKR1C3 inhibition. Lead compounds did not inhibit COX-1 or COX-2 but blocked the AKR1C3 mediated production of testosterone in LNCaP-AKR1C3 cells. These compounds offer promising leads toward new therapeutics for CRPC.
Cu-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Nitroarenes with Aryl Boronic Acids to Construct Diarylamines
作者:Xinyu Guan、Haoran Zhu、Tom G. Driver
DOI:10.1021/acscatal.1c03113
日期:2021.10.15
copper-catalyzed reaction of nitroarenes with arylboronicacids to form diarylamines that uses phenyl silane as the stoichiometric terminal reductant is described. This cross-coupling reaction requires as little as 2 mol % of CuX and 4 mol % of diphosphine for success and tolerates a broad range of functional groups on either the nitroarene or the arylboronicacid to afford the amine in good yield. Mechanistic
A Tetraarylpyrrole‐Based Phosphine Ligand for the Palladium‐Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Chlorides
作者:Masahiro Sai
DOI:10.1002/adsc.202100731
日期:2021.12.21
A tetraarylpyrrole-based phosphine ligand L1 in combination with Pd(dba)2 provided a catalyst for the Buchwald-Hartwig amination reaction. A variety of amines were rapidly coupled with aryl chlorides at a Pd loading of 0.5 mol%. The selective monoarylation of aliphatic primary amines was achieved in the presence of 0.8 equiv. water. Comparison experiments were also conducted, which revealed that the
Amination with PdNHC Complexes: Rate and Computational Studies Involving Substituted Aniline Substrates
作者:Ka Hou Hoi、Selçuk Çalimsiz、Robert D. J. Froese、Alan C. Hopkinson、Michael G. Organ
DOI:10.1002/chem.201102428
日期:2012.1.2
chloride to be electron poor, although oxidativeaddition is not rate limiting. Anilines couple best when they are electron rich, which would seem to discount deprotonation of the intermediate metal ammonium complex as being rate limiting in favour of reductive elimination. In previous studies with secondary amines using PEPPSI complexes, deprotonation was proposed to be the slow step in the cycle. These
Ligand-Enabled Gold-Catalyzed C(sp<sup>2</sup>)–N Cross-Coupling Reactions of Aryl Iodides with Amines
作者:Manjur O. Akram、Avishek Das、Indradweep Chakrabarty、Nitin T. Patil
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03082
日期:2019.10.4
example of ancillary (P,N)-ligand-enabled gold-catalyzed C-N cross-couplingreactions of aryl iodides with amines is reported. The high generality of the reaction in de novo synthesis, late-stage modifications, and cascade processes to access functionalized indolinones and carbazoles underscores the synthetic potential of the presented strategy. Monitoring the reaction with ESI-HRMS and NMR provided strong