540,133. Catalytic dehydrogenation. DU PONT DE NEMOURS CO., E. I. April 4, 1940, No. 6087. Convention date, April 4, 1939. [Class 1 (i)] [Also in Group IV] Oxy-aldehydes are produced by passing over a de-hydrogenating catalyst the vapour of a glycol ether or ester of the formula CH 2 OXCH,OH where X is an alkyl, alkoxy-alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, phenoxy-alkyl or acyl group. The re-action temperature may be 200-375C. and the pressure may be atmospheric or above, such as 5-1000 atmospheres. Preferably a diluent is used, such as steam, nitrogen or carbon dioxide. Suitable catalysts may be made by fusing copper oxide alone or with another oxide such as magnesium or nickel oxide and reducing the mass; or copper-nickel copper-silicon, copper-zinc chromate and copper-zinc oxide catalysts may be made by precipitation and reduction. Nickel with or without cerium may be used under mild conditions. In examples 1-3 methoxy-acetaldehyde is produced from glycol monomethyl ether by means of the following catalysts:- (a) a reduced mixture of copper oxide, silica and chromium oxide (Cr O 3 ) in the molar ratio 100:10:5; (b) a similar mixture in the ratio 100:50:10; and (c) reduced copper oxide and silica in the ratio 9:1. In example 4 methoxy-methoxy-acetaldehyde is produced from methoxy-methoxy-ethanol, using the catalyst of example 1; and in example 5 acetoxy-acetaldehyde is produced from glycolmonoaceate by the same catalyst.
540,133. 催化脱氢。杜邦公司,E. I. 1940年4月4日,编号6087。公约日期为1939年4月4日。[1类(i)] [也属于第四组] 通过将甘油醚或酯的蒸汽经过脱氢催化剂制得氧醛,其中甘油醚或酯的化学式为CH2OXCH,OH,其中X为烷基、烷氧基烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、苯氧基烷基或酰基。反应温度可为200-375°C,压力可为大气压或以上,如5-1000大气压。最好使用稀释剂,如蒸汽、氮气或二氧化碳。适用的催化剂可由熔化氧化铜单独或与镁或氧化镍等其他氧化物混合并还原所制备;或者可通过沉淀和还原制备铜-镍、铜-硅、铜-锌铬酸盐和铜-锌氧化物催化剂。镍在温和条件下可与铈一同使用。在示例1-3中,通过以下催化剂从甘油单甲醚制备甲氧基乙醛:(a)铜氧化物、二氧化硅和氧化铬(CrO3)的还原混合物,摩尔比为100:10:5;(b)类似比例的混合物,比例为100:50:10;以及(c)还原的铜氧化物和二氧化硅,比例为9:1。在示例4中,通过使用示例1的催化剂从甲氧基甲氧基乙醇制备甲氧基甲氧基乙醛;在示例5中,通过使用相同的催化剂从甘油单乙酸酯制备乙酰氧基乙醛。