Large Scale Structural Rearrangement of a Serine Hydrolase from Francisella tularensis Facilitates Catalysis
摘要:
Tularemia is a deadly, febrile disease caused by infection by the Gram-negative bacterium, Francisella tularensis. Members of the ubiquitous serine hydrolase protein family are among current targets to treat diverse bacterial infections. Herein we present a structural and functional study of a novel bacterial carboxylesterase (FTT258) from F. tularensis, a homologue of human acyl protein thioesterase (hAPT1). The structure of FTT258 has been determined in multiple forms, and unexpectedly large conformational changes of a peripheral flexible loop occur in the presence of a mechanistic cyclobutanone ligand. The concomitant changes in this hydrophobic loop and the newly exposed hydrophobic substrate binding pocket suggest that the observed structural changes are essential to the biological function and catalytic activity of FTT258. Using diverse substrate libraries, site-directed mutagenesis, and liposome binding assays, we determined the importance of these structural changes to the catalytic activity and membrane binding activity of FTT258. Residues within the newly exposed hydrophobic binding pocket and within the peripheral flexible loop proved essential to the hydrolytic activity of FTT258, indicating that structural rearrangement is required for catalytic activity. Both FTT258 and hAPT1 also showed significant association with liposomes designed to mimic bacterial or human membranes, respectively, even though similar structural rearrangements for hAPT1 have not been reported. The necessity for acyl protein thioesterases to have maximal catalytic activity near the membrane surface suggests that these conformational changes in the protein may dually regulate catalytic activity and membrane association in bacterial and human homologues.
Chemoselectivity in the conjugate addition of allylsilane to Michael acceptors
作者:George Majetich、Ada M. Casares、D. Chapman、M. Behnke
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)81803-1
日期:1983.1
The allylic carbanion species generated by treatment of allylsilane with fluoride ion undergoes highly chemoselective conjugateaddition to a series of Michaelacceptors for which alternative known allylation procedures proved less general.
Rhodium-catalysed addition of organotrialkoxysilanes to α-substituted acrylic esters
作者:Jonathan D. Hargrave、Jennifer Herbert、Gerwyn Bish、Christopher G. Frost
DOI:10.1039/b606977k
日期:——
The cationic rhodium complex [Rh(cod)2][BF4] effectively catalyses the 1,4-addition of organotrialkoxysilanes to alpha-substituted acrylicesters. The reactions are promoted by heating in an oil-bath or more conveniently in a microwave reactor allowing rapid access to a useful range of functionalised products including 2-alkyl succinates and alpha-amino acid derivatives.
[EN] POLYHEDRAL OLIGOMERIC SILSESQUIOXANE NANOCRYSTAL STABILIZATION LIGANDS<br/>[FR] LIGANDS DE STABILISATION DE NANOCRISTAL DE SILSESQUIOXANE OLIGOMÉRIQUE POLYÉDRIQUE
申请人:NANOSYS INC
公开号:WO2014159936A1
公开(公告)日:2014-10-02
Quantum-dot binding ligands with silsesquioxane moieties are provided. The quantum-dot binding ligands include a multiplicity of amine or carboxy binding ligands in combination with silsesquioxane moieties providing improved stability for the ligated quantum dots. The ligands and coated nanostructures of the present invention are useful for close packed nanostructure compositions, which can have improved quantum confinement and/or reduced cross-talk between nanostructures.