“Close-to-Release”: Spontaneous Bioorthogonal Uncaging Resulting from Ring-Closing Metathesis
摘要:
Bioorthogonal uncaging reactions offer versatile tools in chemical biology. In recent years, reactions have been developed to proceed efficiently under physiological conditions. We present herein an uncaging reaction that results from ring-closing metathesis (RCM). A caged molecule, tethered to a diolefinic substrate, is released via spontaneous 1,4-elimination following RCM. Using this strategy, which we term "close-to-release", we show that drugs and fluorescent probes are uncaged with fast rates, including in the presence of mammalian cells or in the periplasm of Escherichia coli. We envision that this tool may find applications in chemical biology, bioengineering and medicine.
here is an unprecedented auto‐tandem cooperative catalysis (ATCC) for Morita–Baylis–Hillmancarbonates from isatins and allyliccarbonates using a simple Pd(PPh3)4 precursor. Dissociated phosphine generates phosphorusylides and the Pd leads to π‐allylpalladium complexes, and they undergo a γ‐regioselective allylic–allylic alkylation reaction. Importantly, a cascade intramolecular Heck‐type coupling proceeds
Tandem cyclization-cycloaddition reaction of rhodium carbenoids. Studies dealing with intramolecular cycloadditions
作者:Albert Padwa、Susan F. Hornbuckle、Glen E. Fryxell、Zhijia J. Zhang
DOI:10.1021/jo00047a032
日期:1992.10
A series of 5-alkenyl-1-diazo-2,5-pentanediones, when treated with a catalytic quantity of rhodium(II) acetate, were found to give cycloadducts derived from the intramolecular trapping of a carbonyl ylide intermediate. Tethers of three or four methylenes readily enter into intramolecular cycloaddition, while longer and shorter tethers were reluctant to do so. Alkenes attached to the formally cationic terminus of the carbonyl ylide readily undergo internal cycloaddition if the tether allows for a relatively strain-free transition state. The internal cycloaddition reaction does not occur when the olefinic side chain is attached by means of an ester functionality. Bimolecular trapping experiments established that carbonyl ylide formation occurred, but the dipole does not undergo intramolecular cycloaddition. The inability of these alpha-diazo keto esters to undergo internal cycloaddition is related to conformational factors. The equilibrium between the two possible conformations of the dipole lies predominantly on the side of the Z-isomer. In this orientation, intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition cannot occur, and instead the dipole collapses by means of a proton transfer to give an enol ether.
<i>Ortho</i>-TMS Benzaldehyde: An Effective Linchpin for Type II Anion Relay Chemistry (ARC)
作者:Amos B. Smith、Won-Suk Kim、William M. Wuest
DOI:10.1002/anie.200802301
日期:2008.9.1
Ortho-TMS benzaldehyde, an effective bifunctional linchpin for Type II Anion Relay Chemistry (ARC), permits efficient multi-component union of a variety of nucleophiles and electrophiles, including the first example of a Pd-mediated ARC Type II process. To demonstrate the utility of the Type II ARC protocol, a “proof of concept” synthetic sequence was designed and implemented for construction of a focused library of “natural product-like” compounds.
“Close-to-Release”: Spontaneous Bioorthogonal Uncaging Resulting from Ring-Closing Metathesis
作者:Valerio Sabatino、Johannes G. Rebelein、Thomas R. Ward
DOI:10.1021/jacs.9b07193
日期:2019.10.30
Bioorthogonal uncaging reactions offer versatile tools in chemical biology. In recent years, reactions have been developed to proceed efficiently under physiological conditions. We present herein an uncaging reaction that results from ring-closing metathesis (RCM). A caged molecule, tethered to a diolefinic substrate, is released via spontaneous 1,4-elimination following RCM. Using this strategy, which we term "close-to-release", we show that drugs and fluorescent probes are uncaged with fast rates, including in the presence of mammalian cells or in the periplasm of Escherichia coli. We envision that this tool may find applications in chemical biology, bioengineering and medicine.
Cyclization−Cycloaddition Cascade of Rhodium Carbenoids Using Different Carbonyl Groups. Highlighting the Position of Interaction
作者:Albert Padwa、Zhijia J. Zhang、Lin Zhi
DOI:10.1021/jo000378f
日期:2000.8.1
carboxylate, were found to afford oxabicyclic dipolar cycloadducts derived by the trapping of a carbonylylide intermediate. The reaction involves generation of the 1,3-dipole by intramolecular cyclization of the keto carbenoid onto the oxygen atom of the neighboring keto group. Both five- and six-ring carbonylylides are formed with the same efficiency. A study of the tandem cyclization-cycloaddition