申请人:University of Notre Dame du Lac
公开号:US04992544A1
公开(公告)日:1991-02-12
Monocyclic .beta.-lactam compounds represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H, NH.sub.2, acylamino, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, etc.; R.sub.2 is e.g. C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, carboxy, esterified carboxy, esterified carboxyalkyl, or carboxyalkyl; and R.sub.3 is hydrogen, benzyl, substituted benzyl, pivaloyl, --SO.sub.3 M, or --P(C.dbd.O)(OM')2; are obtained by the cyclization of an O-substituted hydroxamate of a .beta.-substituted alkylcarboxylic acid. For example, .alpha.-ethylmalic acid monobenzyl ester is reacted with O-benzylhydroxylamine to form the O-benzylhydroxamate of the free carboxy group, and the hydroxamate is cyclized with diethyl diazodicarboxylate and triphenylphosphine to form the .beta.-lactam of the above formula wherein R.sub.1 is ethyl, R.sub.2 is benzyloxycarbonyl and R.sub.3 is benzyl. The .beta.-lactam compounds are useful intermediates for preparing .beta.-lactamase inhibitors and monocyclic .beta.-lactam antibiotics and, when R.sub.3 is --SO.sub.3 M or --P(C.dbd.O)(OM')2 the compounds and salts thereof are antibacterial agents.
单环β-内酰胺化合物由以下公式表示:其中R.sub.1为H、NH.sub.2、酰胺基、C.sub.1 -C.sub.4烷基等;R.sub.2为例如C.sub.1 -C.sub.4烷基、羟基烷基、氨基烷基、羧基、酯化的羧基、酯化的羧基烷基或羧基烷基;R.sub.3为氢、苄基、取代苄基、对叔丁基、-SO.sub.3 M或-P(C.dbd.O)(OM')2;通过将β-取代烷基羧酸的O-取代羟酰胺环化而获得。例如,α-乙基苹果酸单苄酯与O-苄基羟胺反应形成自由羧基的O-苄基羟酰胺,然后将羟酰胺与双乙酰二氧化碳酸乙酯和三苯基膦环化,形成上述公式的β-内酰胺,其中R.sub.1为乙基,R.sub.2为苄氧羰基,R.sub.3为苄基。这些β-内酰胺化合物可用作制备β-内酰胺酶抑制剂和单环β-内酰胺抗生素的中间体,当R.sub.3为-SO.sub.3 M或-P(C.dbd.O)(OM')2时,化合物及其盐为抗菌剂。