Two novel organoantimony(V) and two organobismuth(V) complexes of the type ML2 were synthesized, with L = acetylsalicylic acid (HL1) or 3-acetoxybenzoic acid (HL2) and M = triphenylantimony(V) (M1) or triphenylbismuth(V) (M2). Complexes, [M1(L1)2] (1), [M1(L2)2]∙CHCl3 (2), [M2(L1)2], (3) and [M2(L2)2] (4), were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and NMR. Crystal structures of triphenylantimony(V) dicarboxylate complexes 1 and 2 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analyses revealed that 1 and 2 adopt five-coordinated extremely distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometries, binding with three phenyl groups in the equatorial position and two deprotonated organic ligands (L) in the axial sites. The metal complexes, their metal salts and ligands were evaluated in vitro for their activities against Leishmania infantum and amazonensis promastigotes and Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Both the metal complexes showed antileishmanial and antibacterial activities but the bismuth complexes were the most active. Intriguingly, complexation of organobismuth(V) salt reduced its activity against Leishmania, but increased it against bacteria. In vitro cytotoxic test of these complexes against murine macrophages showed that antimony(V) complexes were the least toxic. Considering the selectivity indexes, organoantimony(V) complexes emerge as the most promising antileishmanial agents and organobismuth(V) complex 3 as the best antibacterial agent.
合成了两种新型有机
锑(V)和两种有机
铋(V)络合物,类型为M
L2,其中L=乙酰
水杨酸(HL1)或3-乙酰氧基
苯甲酸(H
L2),M=
三苯基锑(V)(M1)或
三苯基铋(V)(M2)。化合物[M1(L1)2](1),[M1(
L2)2]·
CHCl3(2),[M2(L1)2](3)和[M2(
L2)2](4)通过元素分析、红外光谱和核磁共振进行了表征。通过单晶X射线衍射解析了
三苯基锑(V)二
羧酸酯络合物1和2的晶体结构。结构分析表明,1和2为五配位,五角双锥构型严重扭曲,3个苯基位于赤道位点,2个去质子的有机
配体(L)位于轴向位点。测试了
金属络合物、
金属盐和
配体对利什曼原虫和
铜绿假单胞菌的体外活性。
金属络合物均显示出了抗利什曼原虫和抗细菌活性,但
铋络合物活性最高。有趣的是,有机
铋(V)盐络合后活性对利什曼原虫活性降低,抗细菌活性增加。对这几种络合物进行了小鼠巨噬细胞体外细胞毒性测试,结果表明
锑(V)络合物毒性最低。综合选择指数分析,有机
锑(V)络合物为最有希望的抗利什曼原虫药物候选物,有机
铋(V)络合物3为最佳抗细菌候选药物。