Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Novel 3‘- and 5‘-Carbazoyl Nucleoside Derivatives. Regioselective Preparation of 3‘- and 5‘-Alkylidencarbazoyl Nucleosides
摘要:
A chemoenzymatic procedure is described for the synthesis of 3'- and 5'-carbazoyl nucleoside derivatives 12a,b, 13a,b, 14b,c, and 30b, and these are prepared for the first time. This process involves the regioselective enzymatic alkoxycarbonylation of nucleosides and the subsequent transformation with hydrazine into novel carbazoyl nucleoside derivatives. Taking into account previously reported data (relative to nucleoside, hydrazone, carbazate, and aryloxyphenoxypropionate derivatives), 3'-alkylidencarbazoyl 2'-deoxynucleosides 15a,b-18a,b, 5'-alkylidencarbazoyl 2'-deoxynucleosides 19a,b-22a,b, 5'-alkylidencarbazoyl ribonucleosides of uridine 23c-26c, and 5'-alkylidencarbazoyl-2',3'-isopropylideneadenosine 31b-34b emerge as interesting targets since they combine structural features found in both therapeutic nucleoside derivatives and fungicide/herbicide nucleoside analogues.
The two step synthesis of 5'-O- and 3'-O-(N-alkylcarbamoyl)-nucleosides is described. The key step is the enzymatic synthesis of 5'-O- or 3'-O-alkoxycarbonylnucleoside in a regioselective way. In a second aminolysis step these carbonates yield the corresponding urethanes. This methodology allows to assemble aminoalcohols and L-amino acids to 2'-deoxynucleosides.
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis and High-Throughput Screening of an Aminoglycoside−Polyamine Library: Identification of High-Affinity Displacers and DNA-Binding Ligands
作者:Kaushal Rege、Shanghui Hu、James A. Moore、Jonathan S. Dordick、Steven M. Cramer
DOI:10.1021/ja049437n
日期:2004.10.1
Chemoenzymatic parallel synthesis and high-throughput screening were employed to develop a multivalent aminoglycoside-polyamine library for use as high-affinity cation-exchange displacers and DNA-binding ligands. Regioselective lipase-catalyzed acylation, followed by chemical aminolysis, was used to generate vinyl carbonate and vinyl carbamate linkers, respectively, of the aminoglycosidic cores. These were further derivatized with polyamines, leading to library generation. A parallel batch-displacement assay was employed to identify the efficacy of the library candidates as potential displacers for protein purification. Using this approach, low-molecular-mass displacers with affinities higher than those previously observed have been identified. The aminoglycoside-polyamine library was also screened for DNA binding efficacy using an ethidium bromide displacement assay. These highly cationic molecules exhibited strong DNA-binding properties and may have potential for enhanced gene delivery.
Synthesis of novel carbazoyl linked pyrimidine-pyrimidine and pyrimidine-purine dinucleotide analogues
The synthesis of two backbone modified dinucleotide analogues is described in which the natural phosphodiester linkage is replaced by a 3'-5' carbazoyl linkage. In both cases the bridge was formed through a coupling reaction between an appropriate 3'-carbazoyl nucleoside analogue and an aldehyde nucleoside derivative. It is noteworthy that starting nucleosides 4 could be common materials to obtain the 3'-carbazoyl nucleoside derivatives 2, by means of a simple, previously-described chemoenzymatic procedure, and the aldehyde nucleoside 3, by an oxidation reaction. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.