名称:
Synthesis, Structure−Activity Relationships, and Biological Evaluation of Fatty Alcohol Phosphates as Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor Ligands, Activators of PPARγ, and Inhibitors of Autotaxin
摘要:
We previously reported that fatty alcohol phosphates (FAP) represent a minimal pharmacophore required to interact with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptors. To improve the activity of the first-generation saturated FAP series, a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study was carried out that includes modifications to the headgroup and alkyl side chain of the FAP pharmacophore. A series of unsaturated (C-10-C-18) FAP, headgroup-modified hydrolytically stable saturated (C-10-C-18) alkyl phosphonates, and saturated and unsaturated (C-10-C-18) thiophosphate analogues were synthesized and evaluated for activity in RH7777 cells transfected with individual LPA(1-3) receptors, in PC-3 cells and in human platelets that endogenously express all three isoforms. In this series we identified several LPA(1)- and LPA(3)-selective antagonists with IC50 values in the nanomolar range. Oleoyl-thiophosphate (15g) was shown to be a panagonist, whereas tetradecyl-phosphonate (16c) was identified as a pan-antagonist. These compounds were also tested for the ability to activate the transcription factor PPAR gamma, an intracellular receptor for LPA, in CV1 cells transfected with the PPRE-Acox-Rluc reporter gene. All the FA-P tested, along with the previously reported LPA GPCR antagonists dioctanoyl glycerol pyrophosphate (2), Ki16425 (6), and the agonist OMPT (3), were activators of PPAR gamma. The pan-agonist oleoyl-thiophosphate (15g) and pan-antagonist tetradecyl-phosphonate (16c) mimicked LPA in inhibiting autotaxin, a secreted lysophospholipase D that produces LPA in biological fluids.