Molecular characterization of the C-methyltransferase NovO of Streptomyces spheroides, a valuable enzyme for performing Friedel–Crafts alkylation
摘要:
The methyltransferase NovO cloned from Streptomyces spheroides could be heterologously produced as soluble and active enzyme in Escherichia coli. Sequencing of the cloned novO gene revealed differences to the GenBank entry AAF67508.1 resulting in a different amino acid at position 223 (Cys instead of Ser). A generated variant containing a Ser residue at this position, however, resulted in poor ability to express soluble and enzymatically active protein. Characterization of NovO revealed a type I methyltransferase that performs its action as a dimer in solution. Functional elements include the conserved S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) binding site (consensus: E/DXXXGXG) as DLCCGSG (residues 45-51). Mutation analyses of the respective amino acids verified their importance for cofactor binding and enzyme activity. In soluble protein fractions of mutants D45N and G49A the calculated kat values decreased from 2.5 x 10(-2) s(-1) of the wild-type protein to 9.7 x 10(-4) s(-1) and 1.2 x 10(-3) s(-1), respectively. A histidine at position 15 was identified as the catalytic base in the methyl transfer reaction. The analysis of purified enzyme preparations showed that the transfer of allyl groups via the SAM analog allyl-SAH occurs with a fourfold increased K-cat of 11 x 10(-3) s(-1) compared to 3.2 x 10(-3) s(-1) for methyl transfer. However, the evolutionary design toward SAM is obvious from the Km value of 0.06 mM compared to 0.22 mM for allyl-SAH. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
<i>S</i>
‐Adenosyl Methionine Cofactor Modifications Enhance the Biocatalytic Repertoire of Small Molecule
<i>C</i>
‐Alkylation
作者:Iain J. W. McKean、Joanna C. Sadler、Anibal Cuetos、Amina Frese、Luke D. Humphreys、Gideon Grogan、Paul A. Hoskisson、Glenn A. Burley
DOI:10.1002/anie.201908681
日期:2019.12.2
A tandem enzymatic strategy to enhance the scope of C-alkylation of small molecules via the in situ formation of S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) cofactor analogues is described. A solvent-exposed channel present in the SAM-forming enzyme SalL tolerates 5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine (ClDA) analogues modified at the 2-position of the adenine nucleobase. Coupling SalL-catalyzed cofactor production with C-(m)ethyl
Biocatalytic Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Using Non-natural Cofactors
作者:Harald Stecher、Martin Tengg、Bernhard J. Ueberbacher、Peter Remler、Helmut Schwab、Herfried Griengl、Mandana Gruber-Khadjawi
DOI:10.1002/anie.200905095
日期:2009.12.7
A novel biocatalytic protocol for CC bond formation is described and is an equivalent to Friedel–Craftsalkylation. S‐Adenosyl‐L‐methionine (SAM), the major methyl donor for biological methylation catalyzed by methyltransferases (Mtases), can perform alkylations (see scheme). These enzymes can accept non‐natural cofactors and transfer functionalities other than methyl onto aromatic substrates.
A Tandem Enzymatic sp<sup>2</sup>
-C-Methylation Process: Coupling in Situ S-Adenosyl-<scp>l</scp>
-Methionine Formation with Methyl Transfer
作者:Joanna C. Sadler、Luke D. Humphreys、Radka Snajdrova、Glenn A. Burley
DOI:10.1002/cbic.201700115
日期:2017.6.1
A one‐pot, two‐enzyme C‐methylation process is described. Combining SAM production using SalL (Salinospora tropica) with the C‐methyltransferase NovO (Streptomyces spheroides) enables the synthesis of a suite of methylated and ethylated coumarin products, as demonstrated for labelled 13CH3, 13CD3 and CD3 groups from their corresponding SAM analogues.
描述了一种单锅,两种酶的C-甲基化过程。组合使用SALL(SAM生产SAlinospora tropica)与C-甲基NOVO(链霉菌spheroides)使一套甲基化和乙基香豆素产物的合成,这表现为标记13 CH 3,13 CD 3及CD 3组从它们相应的SAM类似物。