Molecular characterization of the C-methyltransferase NovO of Streptomyces spheroides, a valuable enzyme for performing Friedel–Crafts alkylation
摘要:
The methyltransferase NovO cloned from Streptomyces spheroides could be heterologously produced as soluble and active enzyme in Escherichia coli. Sequencing of the cloned novO gene revealed differences to the GenBank entry AAF67508.1 resulting in a different amino acid at position 223 (Cys instead of Ser). A generated variant containing a Ser residue at this position, however, resulted in poor ability to express soluble and enzymatically active protein. Characterization of NovO revealed a type I methyltransferase that performs its action as a dimer in solution. Functional elements include the conserved S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) binding site (consensus: E/DXXXGXG) as DLCCGSG (residues 45-51). Mutation analyses of the respective amino acids verified their importance for cofactor binding and enzyme activity. In soluble protein fractions of mutants D45N and G49A the calculated kat values decreased from 2.5 x 10(-2) s(-1) of the wild-type protein to 9.7 x 10(-4) s(-1) and 1.2 x 10(-3) s(-1), respectively. A histidine at position 15 was identified as the catalytic base in the methyl transfer reaction. The analysis of purified enzyme preparations showed that the transfer of allyl groups via the SAM analog allyl-SAH occurs with a fourfold increased K-cat of 11 x 10(-3) s(-1) compared to 3.2 x 10(-3) s(-1) for methyl transfer. However, the evolutionary design toward SAM is obvious from the Km value of 0.06 mM compared to 0.22 mM for allyl-SAH. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
<i>S</i>
‐Adenosyl Methionine Cofactor Modifications Enhance the Biocatalytic Repertoire of Small Molecule
<i>C</i>
‐Alkylation
作者:Iain J. W. McKean、Joanna C. Sadler、Anibal Cuetos、Amina Frese、Luke D. Humphreys、Gideon Grogan、Paul A. Hoskisson、Glenn A. Burley
DOI:10.1002/anie.201908681
日期:2019.12.2
A tandem enzymatic strategy to enhance the scope of C-alkylation of small molecules via the in situ formation of S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) cofactor analogues is described. A solvent-exposed channel present in the SAM-forming enzyme SalL tolerates 5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine (ClDA) analogues modified at the 2-position of the adenine nucleobase. Coupling SalL-catalyzed cofactor production with C-(m)ethyl
A Tandem Enzymatic sp<sup>2</sup>
-C-Methylation Process: Coupling in Situ S-Adenosyl-<scp>l</scp>
-Methionine Formation with Methyl Transfer
作者:Joanna C. Sadler、Luke D. Humphreys、Radka Snajdrova、Glenn A. Burley
DOI:10.1002/cbic.201700115
日期:2017.6.1
A one‐pot, two‐enzyme C‐methylation process is described. Combining SAM production using SalL (Salinospora tropica) with the C‐methyltransferase NovO (Streptomyces spheroides) enables the synthesis of a suite of methylated and ethylated coumarin products, as demonstrated for labelled 13CH3, 13CD3 and CD3 groups from their corresponding SAM analogues.
描述了一种单锅,两种酶的C-甲基化过程。组合使用SALL(SAM生产Salinospora tropica)与C-甲基NOVO(链霉菌spheroides)使一套甲基化和乙基香豆素产物的合成,这表现为标记13 CH 3,13 CD 3及CD 3组从它们相应的SAM类似物。
Stable <i>S</i>-Adenosylmethionine Analogue for Enzymatic Fluoromethylation
showed that F-dcSAM can be readily prepared enzymatically by halide methyltransferase (HMT) from decarboxyl S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (dcSAH) and CH2FI. The enzyme cascade reaction involving HMT and methyltransferases can transfer the CH2F group from CH2FI to substrates efficiently with multiple turnovers. Therefore, F-dcSAM can be directly used for enzymatic fluoromethylation or generated in situ through
Enzymatic Fluoroethylation by a Fluoroethyl Selenium Analogue of S-Adenosylmethionine
作者:Nanhai Yu、Huimin Zhao、Wenrui Wang、Min Dong
DOI:10.1021/acscatal.4c01112
日期:2024.4.19
PET diagnostic drugs. Chemo- and regioselective fluoroethylation is difficult in chemical synthesis. To date, no enzymatic reaction for selective fluoroethylation has been reported. Based on the widespread natural methyl donor S-adenosine-l-methionine (SAM), we designed and synthesized a fluoroethyl SAM analogue (FEt-SAM). A stability study revealed that FEt-SAM was very labile under physiological conditions
氟是一种独特的元素,在药物化学、农业化学和材料化学中发挥着重要作用。氟乙基是重要的氟烷基功能单元,广泛应用于临床药物、19 F探针和18 F PET诊断药物中。化学和区域选择性氟乙基化在化学合成中很困难。迄今为止,尚未报道选择性氟乙基化的酶促反应。基于广泛存在的天然甲基供体S-腺苷-l-蛋氨酸(SAM),我们设计并合成了氟乙基SAM类似物(FEt-SAM)。稳定性研究表明,FEt-SAM 在生理条件下非常不稳定,并产生了除氟产物乙烯基-SAM。我们通过用 Se 替换 FEt-SAM 中的 S 来解决这个问题,得到氟乙基 Se-腺苷-l-硒代蛋氨酸 (FEt-SeAM)。通过使用卤化物甲基转移酶 (HMT) 及其突变体原位生产 FEt-SeAM,我们创建了 HMT 突变体与甲基转移酶的级联反应,并对几种 O-、N-、S- 和 C-亲核试剂进行氟乙基化。对于不能很好地识别 FEt-SeAM 的甲基转移酶,例如
[DE] MITTEL UND VERFAHREN ZUR ALKYLIERUNG<br/>[EN] MEANS AND METHOD FOR ALKYLATION<br/>[FR] AGENT ET PROCÉDÉ D'ALKYLATION
申请人:UNIV GRAZ TECH
公开号:WO2013029075A1
公开(公告)日:2013-03-07
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Transfer einer Alkyl-, Alkenyl- oder Alkinylgruppe auf eine niedermolekulare Verbindung („small molecule") mit einem nukleophilen Zentrum umfassend den Schritt des Kontaktierens der Verbindung mit einer S-Adenosyl-L-methionin (SAM)-abhängigen Methyltransferase in Anwesenheit eines alkylierten Sulfoniumsalzes mit der allgemeinen Formel (I) oder eines alkylierten Sulfoxoniumsalzes mit der allgemeinen Formel (II). Hierbei ist XΘ ein organisches oder anorganisches Anion und R1, R2 und R3 jeweils unabhängig voneinander eine substituierte oder unsubstituierte Alkyl-, Alkenyl- und Alkinylgruppe umfassend 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatome.