摘要:
The crystal structure of the major isomer of KIH-6127 was investigated by X-ray crystallographic techniques. The solid state structure and its conformation were confirmed as the E form. Thus KIH-6127 is mainly consistent with methyl 2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-6-[1-E-(methoxy-imino)ethyl] benzoate (compound 1: Table 1). Further modifications of the iminoxy moiety to introduce a variety of haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, and others were made, and the Z isomers of several derivatives were prepared. The physicochemical properties of these derivatives were measured, including their log P and K-d values. We tested their herbicidal activity against barnyard grass and their phytotoxicity to transplanted rice in flooded paddy conditions. We also studied the role of the iminoxy moiety, on the basis of the hypothesis that the difference in the E/Z configurations of the iminoxy moiety determines their biological activity. However, clear differences in the herbicidal activities were not observed between these isomer groups. Each Z isomer was more hydrophilic than its E counterpart. To investigate this finding more intensively in a single E/Z pair, the surface area of each E/Z isomer of KIH-6127 was calculated from the X-ray data for the KIH-6127 E form. The Z conformation of the iminoxy moiety appears to take a more compact molecular conformation, resulting in the Z isomer having more hydrophilic surface area than the corresponding E isomer. QSAR studies focused on the iminoxy moiety. Both pre- and post-emergence activities of the compounds were well correlated with the square of the log P value for both configurations of the iminoxy moiety. In other words, these configurations merely contributed to the activity by way of their hydrophilicity. The difference between optimum log P values for pre- versus post-emergence indicated that the optimum compound is more lipophilic for pre- than for post-emergence activity. Phytotoxity against rice also correlated well with the K-d value. Thus stronger soil adsorption of the compounds provides higher safety for rice. On the basis of those QSAR studies, compound I was selected as the optimal compound for development as a commercial herbicide.