Configurational effects on internal proton transfers and ion-neutral complex formation in stereoisomeric 1,4-di(alkoxymethyl)cyclohexanes on chemical ionization
作者:C. Denekamp、A. Mandelbaum
DOI:10.1002/jms.1190301006
日期:1995.10
Cis- and trans-1,4-dimethyl-1-d3-methoxymethyl-4-(2-methoxy-2-propyl)cyclohexane (3a-c and 3a-t), the isomeric 1,4-dimethyl-1-methoxymethyl-4-(2-d3-methoxy-2-propyl)cyclohexanes (3b-c and 3b-t) and 1,4-dimethyl-1-methoxymethyl-4-(2-d3-methoxy-2-propyl)cyclohexanes (3b-c and 3b-t) and 1,4-dimethyl-1-ethoxymethyl-4-(2-methoxy-2-propyl)cyclohexanes (3c-c and 3c-t) give rise to different isobutane chemical ionization (CI) mass spectra. The cis isomers exhibit abundant [MHROH]+ ions (100%, ROH originating from the tertiary alkoxy group), while no MH+ or [MHR′OH]+ ions (R′OH originating from the primary alkoxyl) were detected in the mass spectra. This behaviour indicates an efficient proton transfer between the two ether functions in the transient MH+ ions of the cis isomers, resulting in the total and exclusive elimination of methanol from the tertiary position. In contrast to the cis diethers, the trans isomers 3a-t, 3b-t and 3c-t afford relatively abundant [MHROH]+ and [MHR′OH]+ ions. This behaviour is consistent with protonation on each of the two distant non-interacting ether groups, resulting in two isomeric MH+ ions, each of which eliminates the corresponding alcohol. The highly stereospecific behaviour of the cis and trans diethers 3c and 3t is dependent on the presence of the methyl substituents at positions 1 and 4: identical mass spectra were obtained for cis- and trans-1- alkoxymethyl-4-(2-alkoxy-2-propyl)cyclohexanes (4-c and 4-t) (four pairs with different 1- and 4-alkoxy groups), and both stereoisomers exhibit exclusive elimination of ROH originating from the tertiary methoxy group in each pair. The absence of [MHR′OH]+ and MH+ ions in the isobutane CI mass spectra of 4-t requires proton transfer from the primary OR′ to the tertiary OR group prior to the elimination of ROH, despite the large distance between them in the trans configuration. These results indicate isomerization of the fragmenting MH+ ions of 4-t to structures which allow a facile proton transfer from the primary the tertiary alkoxyl. The similarity of the mass spectra of 4-c and 4-t suggests trans → cis isomerization, which may occur via an ion–neutral complex.
顺式和反式1,4-二甲基-1-d3-甲氧基甲基-4-(2-甲氧基-2-丙基)环己烷(3a-c和3a-t)、异构体1,4-二甲基-1-甲氧基甲基-4-(2-d3-甲氧基-2-丙基)环己烷(3b-c和3b-t)以及1,4-二甲基-1-甲氧基甲基-4-(2-d3-甲氧基-2-丙基)环己烷(3b-c和3b-t)和1,4-二甲基-1-乙氧基甲基-4-(2-甲氧基-2-丙基)环己烷(3c-c和3c-t)在异丁烷化学电离(CI)质谱中产生不同的谱图。顺式异构体表现出丰富的[MHROH]+离子(100%,ROH源自叔烯醇基),而在质谱中未检测到MH+或[MHR′OH]+离子(R′OH源自伯烯醇基)。这种行为表明,在顺式异构体的短暂MH+离子中,两个醚官能团之间发生了有效的质子转移,导致从叔位完全且专属性地消除甲醇。与顺式二醚相反,反式异构体3a-t、3b-t和3c-t产生相对丰度的[MHROH]+和[MHR′OH]+离子。这种行为与在两个远离、相互不干扰的醚基团上发生质子化一致,产生两个异构体MH+离子,每个离子都分别消除了相应的醇。在顺式和反式二醚3c和3t中,高度立体特异性的行为依赖于在1位和4位存在甲基取代基:对于顺式和反式1-醇基甲基-4-(2-醇基-2-丙基)环己烷(4-c和4-t)获得了相同的质谱(四对不同的1-和4-醇基团),而这两种立体异构体都表现出来自每对中叔位甲氧基的ROH的专属性消除。在4-t的异丁烷CI质谱中缺乏[MHR′OH]+和MH+离子,表明在ROH消除之前,尽管在反式构型中它们之间距离较大,仍需从伯醇基OR′转移质子到叔醇基OR。结果表明4-t的碎裂MH+离子发生异构化,形成允许从伯醇基到叔醇基便捷质子转移的结构。4-c和4-t的质谱相似性表明可能发生反式→顺式的异构化,这可能通过离子-中性复合物进行。