Arsine appears as a colorless gas with a disagreeable garlic odor. Flammable. Heavier than air. Flame easily flashes back to the source of leak. Extremely toxic by inhalation; has been used as a military poison gas. Confirmed human carcinogen. Under prolonged exposure to fire or heat containers may rupture violently and rocket. Rate of onset: Immediate to 24 hours Persistence: Minutes to hours Odor threshold: 0.5 ppm Source/use/other hazard: Used in electronics industry; reacts with H20 (don't use H2O in fire).
颜色/状态：
Colorless gas
气味：
Disagreeable garlic odor
沸点：
-62.5 °C
熔点：
-116 °C
闪点：
Flammable gas
溶解度：
In water, 28 mg/100 mL at 20 °C
密度：
1.689 at 185 °F (EPA, 1998)
蒸汽密度：
2.66 to 2.695 (EPA, 1998) (Relative to Air)
蒸汽压力：
11,000 mm Hg at 20 °C
稳定性/保质期：
On exposure to light, moist arsine decomposes quickly depositing shiny black arsenic
分解：
Decomposition point: 300 °C
粘度：
Viscosity of the gas at 101.325 kPa at 0 °C: 0.01458 mPaXs, 0.01458 mNXs/sq m
汽化热：
16.69 kJ/mol
电离电位：
9.89 eV
气味阈值：
The odor cannot always be relied upon for detection of the gas even though it often has an offensive smell resembling that of onions or carbide, which should arouse suspicion.
... Following inhalation of arsine and conversion to As(III), arsenic metabolism included methylation, and urinary excretion followed a triphasic model with periods of 28 hours, 59 hours, and 9 days.
IDENTIFICATION: Arsine is a colorless, extremely flammable gas with a garlic odor. The gas is heavier than air and accumulates close to the surface, which makes distant ignition possible in the presence of flame or spark. Arsine is extensively used in the semiconductor industry for epitaxial growth of gallium arsenide, as a doping agent for silicon based solid state electronic devices and the manufacture of light emitting diodes. HUMAN EXPOSURE: In humans arsine is absorbed via the lungs and mucosal surface of the respiratory tract. After exposure, the concentration of arsine increases rapidly in blood, whereas the distribution to the liver, kidneys and other organs is much slower. In humans, arsine is metabolized to trivalent and pentavalent arsenic. Trivalent arsenic is methylated to monomethylarsonate and dimethylarsinate. Arsine metabolites are mainly excreted via urine. Arsine in humans induces hemolysis with an increase in plasma hemoglobin, iron and potassium and subsequent anemia and kidney damage. No reliable information is available on exposure levels at which these effects occur. Myocardial and pulmonary failures are other causes of death. Severe liver lesions are rare. Anemia is observed accompanied by Heinz-Ehrlich corpuscles and increased leukocytosis. Hemoglobin, hemosiderin, erythrocytes, proteins and casts, found in urine. There are no data on the carcinogenicity or mutagenicity of arsine in humans. ANIMAL STUDIES: In animals, arsine is absorbed via the lungs and respiratory tract. In animals exposed to arsine, the concentration of arsine increases rapidly in blood, whereas distribution to liver, kidneys and lungs and other organs is much slower. In animals, arsine is metabolized to trivalent and pentavalent arsenic. Trivalent arsenic is methylated to monomethylarsonate and dimethylarsinate. These metabolites are mainly excreted via urine. The acute toxicity of arsine in different species is high. Inhalation of arsine by mice caused an increase in the relative spleen weight and a decrease in hematocrit. Histopathological changes observed included hemosiderosis and extramedullary hematopoietic activity in the spleen. Repeated exposure to arsine caused persistent splenomegaly and slight suppression of bone marrow erythroid precursors in rats, mice and Syrian Golden hamsters. Methemoglobinemia was noted in mice. In one study arsine did not induce developmental toxicity in mice or rats. There are no data on the carcinogenicity or mutagenicity in animals.
Classification of carcinogenicity: 1) evidence in humans: sufficient; 2) evidence in animals: limited. Overall summary evaluation of carcinogenic risk to humans is Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans. NOTE: This evaluation applies to the group of chemicals as a whole and not necessarily to all individual chemicals within the group. /Arsenic and arsenic compounds/
CLASSIFICATION: A; human carcinogen. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on sufficient evidence from human data. An increased lung cancer mortality was observed in multiple human populations exposed primarily through inhalation. Also, increased mortality from multiple internal organ cancers (liver, kidney, lung, and bladder) and an increased incidence of skin cancer were observed in populations consuming drinking water high in inorganic arsenic. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Sufficient. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate. /Inorganic Arsenic/ /based on former classification system/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
暴露途径
该物质可以通过吸入被身体吸收。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
暴露途径
吸入，皮肤和/或眼睛接触（液体）
inhalation, skin and/or eye contact (liquid)
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
... Few studies of arsine absorption, distribution, or metabolism /were available/. One human study, however, provides some information. /Investigators/ studied a worker with acute arsine intoxication. The worker excreted dark red urine the morning following exposure and was hospitalized and hemodialyzed on the 3 successive days with gradual improvement. Daily blood samples and 24-hour urine samples were begun 20 hours after exposure and were collected during the subsequent 24 days. During this period, the amount of arsenic excreted was 41 mg. The species of arsenic excreted were monomethylarsonate (MMA) (about 16 mg), dimethylarsinate (DMA) (about 13 mg), and As(III) (8 mg). A much smaller amount of arsenobetaine was also detected, but in subsequent studies, this was thought to have been derived from diet.
Practically all arsenic compounds which are toxic may be absorbed from ... Alimentary tract. The vapors, particularly arsine & ethyl arsine diffuse through the pulmonary sac.
/Among 9 men exposed several months to undetermined amounts of arsine in extraction of gold/ arsine content of urine ranged from 0.3-3.3 mg/L (0.37-4.3 mg of arsenic trioxide (As2O3)). Max arsenic excretions in urine of 7/9 men ranged from 1.0-3.3 mg of As/L, with an average of 2 mg/L. Three months later 1 man ... excreting slightly above 1 mg/L; one 0.4 mg/L ...
Since arsenic appears to be excreted rather freely in urine, ...levels found in urine of intoxicated workers could have resulted from inhalation of concentrations below 1 mg/cu m or 0.31 ppm.
About 60% of arsine gas is absorbed by mice exposed to 0.025-2.5 mg/L by inhalation. In rabbits, highest concentrations were found in liver, lung and kidneys.
