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12-甲基苯并[a]蒽 | 2422-79-9

  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    5.4
  • 重原子数:
    19
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    4.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.05
  • 拓扑面积:
    0
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    0

ADMET

代谢
早期的研究表明,苯并[a]蒽(BA)、7-甲基苯并[a]蒽(7-MBA)和12-甲基苯并[a]蒽(12-MBA)在中位蒽环位置或L区域发生生物烷基化取代反应,导致强烈致癌物7,12-二甲基苯并[a]蒽(7,12-DMBA)的生物合成。这些结果支持了这一假设:对于大多数,甚至是所有未取代的多环芳烃致癌物,在中位蒽环位置或L区域引入烷基团是一种对强致癌活性的结构要求。在这里,我们报告了L区域甲基衍生物7-MBA、12-MBA和7,12-DMBA在大鼠肝脏细胞质制剂中被氧化成羟甲基衍生物,而没有明显的环位置氧化。
Earlier studies ... demonstrated that benz[a]anthracene (BA), 7-methylbenz[a]anthracene (7-MBA) and 12-methylbenz[a]anthracene (12-MBA) undergo a bio-alkylation substitution reaction in the meso-anthracenic position(s) or L-region leading to the biosynthesis of the potent carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (7,12-DMBA). These results support the hypothesis that for most, if not all, unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens, the chemical or biochemical introduction of an alkyl group in the meso-anthracenic position(s) or L-region is a structural requirement for strong carcinogenic activity. Here we report that the L-region methyl derivatives 7-MBA, 12-MBA and 7,12-DMBA are oxidized to hydroxymethyl derivatives by a rat liver cytosol preparation without any apparent oxidation of the ring positions.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
大鼠肝细胞溶质的同质3α-羟基类固醇-二氢二醇脱氢酶催化多种多环芳烃反式二氢二醇的NADP依赖性氧化,并已被认为参与其解毒。本研究考察了甲基团对酶促苯并(a)蒽 (BA) 反式二氢二醇氧化速度和立体化学过程的影响。BA和7-甲基苯并(a)蒽 (7-MBA) 的外消旋反式-3,4-二氢二醇被纯化的脱氢酶完全消耗,表明两种对映体都是底物。然而,50%的(±)-反式-3,4-二氢二醇的12-甲基苯并(a)蒽 (12-MBA) 和7,12-二甲基苯并(a)蒽 (DMBA) 被氧化,这表明在每个情况下只利用了一种对映体。在低底物浓度下,BA、12-MBA和DMBA的反式-3,4-二氢二醇的酶促氧化遵循简单的一级动力学。相比之下,7-MBA的3,4-二氢二醇的氧化是高阶的,这是由于每种对映体氧化速率的差异。每种反应的速率常数估计表明,位于7位的非湾区甲基比对位于12位的湾区甲基对氧化速率的增强作用更大(分别为10倍和4倍)。DMBA的3,4-二氢二醇,它同时具有非湾区和湾区甲基,其氧化速率比未甲基化母体碳氢化合物快30倍以上。通过圆二色光谱法指定了优先氧化二氢二醇的绝对立体化学。对于DMBA和12-MBA的3,4-二氢二醇,被氧化的对映体具有3S,4S的配置。在7-MBA 3,4-二氢二醇的圆二色光谱中观察到了大的负Cotton效应,这表明在快速氧化这个外消旋底物的阶段结束时,脱氢酶对3S,4S对映体显示出部分立体化学偏好。这些结果表明,BA在C-7位的甲基化大大增强了3S,4S-二氢二醇的氧化,而C-12位湾区甲基的存在完全阻止了3R,4R-对映体的氧化。在体内通过这种方式对甲基化多环芳烃反式二氢二醇的快速、立体选择性氧化可能会显著影响其致癌性。
The homogeneous 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid-dihydrodiol dehydrogenase of rat liver cytosol catalyzes the NADP-dependent oxidation of a wide variety of polycyclic aromatic trans-dihydrodiols and has been implicated in their detoxification. This study examined the influence of methyl groups on the velocity and stereochemical course of enzymatic benz(a)anthracene (BA) trans-dihydrodiol oxidation. The racemic trans-3,4-dihydrodiols of BA and 7-methylbenz(a)anthracene (7-MBA) were completely consumed by the purified dehydrogenase, indicating that both stereoisomers are substrates. However, 50% of the ( +/- )-trans-3,4-dihydrodiols of 12-methylbenz(a)anthracene (12-MBA) and 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)-anthracene (DMBA) were oxidized, suggesting that only one stereoisomer is utilized in each case. At low substrate concentrations, enzymatic oxidation of the trans-3,4-dihydrodiols of BA, 12-MBA, and DMBA followed simple first-order kinetics. By contrast, oxidation of the 3,4-dihydrodiol of 7-MBA was of higher order, due to differences in the rate of oxidation of each stereoisomer. Rate constants estimated for each reaction indicate that the non-bay-region methyl group at position 7 has a greater enhancing effect on the rate of oxidation than the bay-region methyl group at position 12 (10- versus 4-fold, respectively). The 3,4-dihydrodiol of DMBA, which possesses both non-bay- and bay-region methyl groups, is oxidized more than 30 times faster than the unmethylated parent hydrocarbon. The absolute stereochemistry of the preferentially oxidized dihydrodiols was assigned by circular dichroism spectrometry. For the 3,4-dihydrodiols of DMBA and 12-MBA, the stereoisomer oxidized has the 3S,4S configuration. A large negative Cotton effect was observed in the circular dichroism spectrum of the 7-MBA 3,4-dihydrodiol which remained at the end of the rapid phase of oxidation of this racemic substrate, indicating that the dehydrogenase displays partial stereochemical preference for the 3S,4S enantiomer. These results suggest that methylation of BA at C-7 greatly enhances the oxidation of the 3S,4S-dihydrodiol, while the presence of a bay-region methyl group at C-12 completely blocks the oxidation of the 3R,4R-stereoisomer. Rapid, stereoselective oxidation of methylated polycyclic aromatic trans-dihydrodiols by this route in vivo may significantly influence their carcinogenicity.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
在大鼠体内可能产生4-羟基-12-甲基苯并蒽、7-羟基-12-甲基苯并蒽和12-羟基甲基苯并蒽。/根据表格/
Yields 4-hydroxy-12-methylbenzanthracene, 7-hydroxy-12-methylbenzanthracene, and 12-hydroxymethylbenzanthracene probably in rat. /From table/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
在大鼠体内产生反式-5,6-二氢-5,6-二羟基-12-甲基苯并蒽;在大鼠体内产生反式-8,9-二氢-8,9-二羟基-12-甲基苯并蒽,S-(5,6-二氢-6-羟基-12-甲基苯并蒽-5-基)谷胱甘肽,以及可能在大鼠体内产生的3-羟基-12-甲基苯并蒽。/来自表格/
Yields trans-5,6-dihydro-5,6-dihydroxy-12-methylbenzanthracene in rat; yields trans-8,9-dihydro-8,9-dihydroxy-12-methylbenzanthracene, S-(5,6-dihydro-6-hydroxy-12-methylbenzanthr-5-yl)glutathione, and 3-hydroxy-12-methylbenzanthracene probably in rat. /From table/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
识别和使用:12-甲基苯并(a)蒽(12-MBA)是一种固体。它可以由有机材料的不完全燃烧形成。它主要用于生物化学研究。人类暴露和毒性:没有可用的数据。动物研究:小鼠每周三次皮下注射12-MBA,每次100微克,持续12个月。17%的小鼠发展出乳腺肿瘤。在经典的二阶段启动-促进实验中,12-MBA导致每只小鼠产生1.0个乳头状瘤。二氢二醇脱氢酶降低了在沙门氏菌TA 100中代谢激活测试的12-MBA的致突变性。这一组化学物质的致癌性和致突变性之间似乎很少有量的对应关系。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: 12-Methylbenz(a)anthracene (12-MBA) is a solid. It can be formed from incomplete combustion of organic materials. It is used mostly for biochemical research. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: There are no data available. ANIMAL STUDIES: Mice received sc administration of 12-MBA, 100 ug three times a week for 12 months. 17% of mice developed mammary tumors. In the classical two-stage initiation-promotion experiment, 12-MBA was causing 1.0 papillomas/mouse. Dihydrodiol dehydrogenase decreased the mutagenicity of the 12-MBA tested in Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 with metabolic activation. There appeared to be little quantitative correspondence between carcinogenic and mutagenic potency for this group of chemicals.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
立即急救:确保已经进行了充分的中和。如果患者停止呼吸,开始人工呼吸,最好使用需求阀复苏器、袋阀面罩装置或口袋面罩,按训练进行操作。如有必要,执行心肺复苏。立即用缓慢流动的水冲洗受污染的眼睛。不要催吐。如果患者呕吐,让患者向前倾或将其置于左侧(如果可能,头部向下)以保持呼吸道畅通,防止吸入。保持患者安静,维持正常体温。寻求医疗救助。/芳香烃及其相关化合物/
Immediate First Aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Aromatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
基本治疗:建立专利气道(如需要,使用口咽或鼻咽气道)。如有必要,进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象,如有必要,协助通气。通过非重复呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿,如有必要,进行治疗……。监测休克,如有必要,进行治疗……。预防癫痫并视需要进行治疗。对于眼睛污染,立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中,用0.9%的生理盐水(NS)连续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入,如果患者能吞咽、有强烈的干呕反射且不流口水,则用水冲洗口腔,并给予5毫升/千克,最多200毫升的水进行稀释。给予活性炭……。/芳香烃及其相关化合物/
Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary. ... For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 L of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Aromatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
高级治疗:对于昏迷、严重肺水肿或严重呼吸困难的病人,考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。使用气囊面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿……。对于严重的支气管痉挛,考虑给予β激动剂,如沙丁胺醇……。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常……。开始静脉输注5%葡萄糖水(D5W),保持通路开放,最低流速……。如果出现低血容量的迹象,使用0.9%生理盐水(NS)或乳酸钠林格氏液(LR)。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压,谨慎给予液体。注意液体过载的迹象……。用安定(地西泮)或劳拉西泮(阿蒂凡)治疗癫痫……。使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗……。/芳香烃及其相关化合物/
Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Aromatics hydrocarbons and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 非人类毒性摘录
实验室动物:长期暴露或致癌性 / 小鼠每周三次皮下注射12-甲基苯并(a)蒽,每次100微克,持续12个月。17%的小鼠发展成了乳腺肿瘤。 / 表格中/
/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Chronic Exposure or Carcinogenicity/ /Mice received sc administration of 12-methylbenz(a)anthracene, 100 ug three times a week for 12 months. 17% of mice developed mammary tumors./ /From table/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

上下游信息

  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

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文献信息

  • Substituent Effects in Benz[<i>a</i>]anthracene Carbocations:  A Stable Ion, Electrophilic Substitution (Nitration, Bromination), and DFT Study
    作者:Kenneth K. Laali、Maria A. Arrica、Takao Okazaki、Ronald G. Harvey
    DOI:10.1021/jo070936r
    日期:2007.8.31
    computed relative energies by DFT. Charge delocalization paths in the resulting carbocations were deduced based on the magnitude of Δδ13C values. For the thermodynamically more stable C-12 protonated carbocations, the charge delocalization path is analogous to those derived based on computed NPA charges for the benzylic carbocations formed by 1,2-epoxide (bay-region) and 5,6-epoxide (K-region) ring opening
    在FSO 3 H / SO 2 ClF中通过低温质子化作用,由异构的单烷基化和二烷基化的苯并[ a ]蒽(BAs)生成了一系列新型的碳正离子化反应。C-7具有单烷基衍生物(5-甲基,6-甲基,7-甲基和7-乙基)以及D环甲基化类似物(9-甲基,10-甲基和11-甲基),或在所有情况下均观察到C-12质子化的碳正离子(作为唯一或主要的碳正离子)。12-甲基衍生物的质子化(9)得到C-7质子化的碳正离子(9H +)作为动能种类和本位-protonated碳阳离子(9AH +)作为热力学阳离子。与12-乙基衍生物(10),在箱式区域空间张力的浮雕大大有利于本位-protonation(10AH +)。具有3,9-二甲基(14),C-7质子化(14H +)(C-12质子化<10%)受到强烈青睐,在1,12-二甲基(15)的情况下,观察到的唯一物质是C-7质子化的碳正离子化(15H +)。对于7-甲
  • Influence of diet on development and oviposition of <i>Forficula auricularia</i> (Dermaptera: Forficulidae)
    作者:Ghislain Berleur、Jean Gingras、Jean-Claude Tourneur
    DOI:10.4039/ent133705-5
    日期:2001.10

    In North America, the life cycle of the European earwig (Forficula auricularia L.) can be divided into a nesting phase (hypogean phase) and a free-foraging phase (epigean phase) (Crumb et al. 1941; Behura 1956; Lamb and Wellington 1975). Adults spend the nesting phase in the soil; females burrow into the ground at the onset of the cold weather, lay eggs, and then care for the eggs. Hatching occurs in spring; first- or second-instar nymphs move to the soil surface for the free-foraging period. The earwig, a nocturnal insect, spends the entire daylight period of hiding under trash or in dark crevices. Where two broods occur, females reenter the ground a second time (Lamb and Wellington 1975). Stomach content analyses (Crumb et al. 1941; Sunderland and Vickerman 1980) and food preference tests (McLeod and Chant 1952; Buxton and Madge 1976) revealed that the European earwig is omnivorous. Under laboratory conditions, nymphs fed freshly frozen aphids, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), survive better than those fed green algae or carrots, develop faster, and produce heavier females (Phillips 1981; Carrillo 1985).

    在北美洲,欧洲蠼(Forficula auricularia L.)的生命周期可分为筑巢期(hypogean phase)和自由觅食期(epigean phase)(Crumb 等人,1941 年;Behura,1956 年;Lamb 和 Wellington,1975 年)。成虫在土壤中度过筑巢阶段;雌虫在寒冷天气开始时钻入地下产卵,然后照料卵。孵化发生在春季;一龄或二龄若虫移到土壤表面自由觅食。蠼是一种夜行性昆虫,整个白天都躲在垃圾堆下或黑暗的缝隙中。当出现两窝幼虫时,雌虫会再次进入地下(Lamb 和 Wellington,1975 年)。胃内容物分析(Crumb 等,1941 年;Sunderland 和 Vickerman,1980 年)和食物偏好测试(McLeod 和 Chant,1952 年;Buxton 和 Madge,1976 年)显示,欧洲蠼是杂食性的。在实验室条件下,喂食新鲜冷冻蚜虫 Rhopalosiphum padi (L.)(半翅目:蚜科)的若虫比喂食绿藻或胡萝卜的若虫存活率更高,发育更快,雌虫体重更大(Phillips,1981 年;Carrillo,1985 年)。
  • Synthesis of Phenol and Quinone Metabolites of Benzo[<i>a</i>]pyrene, a Carcinogenic Component of Tobacco Smoke Implicated in Lung Cancer
    作者:Daiwang Xu、Trevor M. Penning、Ian A. Blair、Ronald G. Harvey
    DOI:10.1021/jo801864m
    日期:2009.1.16
    12-BP phenols and the BP 1,6-, 3,6-, 6,12-, and 9,10-quinones are now reported. The syntheses of the BP phenols (except 6-HO-BP) involve the key steps of Pd-catalyzed Suzuki−Miyaura cross-coupling of a naphthalene boronate ester with a substituted aryl bromide or triflate ester. The BP quinones were synthesized from the corresponding BP phenols by direct oxidation with the hypervalent iodine reagents
    多环芳烃(PAH)是有机物燃烧时产生的广泛环境污染物。 PAHs存在于汽车尾气和烟草烟雾中,最近被指定为人类致癌物。目前的证据表明,PAH 被酶促激活,产生与 DNA 相互作用的诱变代谢物。有证据表明存在三种激活途径:二醇环氧化物途径、自由基-阳离子途径和醌途径。这些途径对人类肺癌的相对重要性尚未确定。我们现在报道了原型 PAH 致癌物苯并[ a ]芘 (BP) 的主要苯酚和醌异构体的合成,已知或怀疑这些异构体是人支气管肺泡细胞中 BP 的代谢产物。合成方法被设计为适用于BP代谢物的13 C标记类似物的制备。这些化合物需要作为敏感 LC−MS/MS 方法的标准品,用于分析肺细胞中形成的 BP 代谢物。目前已报道了 1-、3-、6-、9- 和 12-BP 苯酚以及 BP 1,6-、3,6-、6,12- 和 9,10-醌的高效新型合成方法。 BP 苯酚(6-HO-BP 除外)的合成涉及萘硼酸酯与取代的芳基溴或三氟甲磺酸酯的
  • Synthesis of 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene and of a Thiophene Isolog
    作者:Reuben B. Sandin、Louis F. Fieser
    DOI:10.1021/ja01868a055
    日期:1940.11
  • Coördination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Silver Ion; Correlation of Equilibrium Constants with Relative Carcinogenic Potencies<sup>1</sup>
    作者:Robert E. Kofahl、Howard J. Lucas
    DOI:10.1021/ja01644a020
    日期:1954.8
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
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mass
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  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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