In situ generated amine as a Lewis base catalyst in the reaction of 3,7‐dinitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane in nitric acid: Experimental and DFT study
作者:Yu Zhang、Guoli Chi、Ying He、Zishuai Xu、Luyao Zhang、Jun Luo、Baojing Zhou
DOI:10.1002/poc.3958
日期:2019.8
7‐trinitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazacyclooctane (MNX) but hindered the conversion of MNX to HMX. A plausible catalytic mechanism was proposed. In which ammonia or amines, in situ generated from the unfavorable balance with their salts, act as Lewis base catalysts. At the same time, the DFT computation results reveal that rigid bicyclic transition states established with 1‐hydroxymethyl‐3,5,7‐trinitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetraazacyclooctane
硝酸铵如何影响硝酸中3,7-二硝基-1,3,5,7-四氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷(DPT)的硝化反应以制备1,3,5,7-四硝基-1, 3,5,7-四氮杂环辛烷(HMX)困扰了化学家数十年。本文描述了实验工作和理论计算来研究长期存在的挑战。实验结果表明,硝酸铵或烷基氯化铵有利于1-亚硝基-3,5,7-三硝基-1,3,5,7-四氮杂环辛烷(MNX)的形成,但阻碍了MNX向HMX的转化。提出了合理的催化机制。其中,由于与盐的不利平衡而原位产生的氨或胺起路易斯碱催化剂的作用。同时,DFT计算结果表明,刚性双环过渡态是由1-羟甲基-3,5,7-三硝基-1,3,5,7-四氮杂环辛烷,氨(或胺)和三个水分子导致极低的活化能。然后,开发了一种无需使用NaNO即可制备产率高达78.5%的MNX的新颖方法。2或N 2 O 4作为亚硝基资源。