Direct Arylation of Simple Azoles Catalyzed by 1,10-Phenanthroline Containing Palladium Complexes: An Investigation of C4 Arylation of Azoles and the Synthesis of Triarylated Azoles by Sequential Arylation
amounts of azoles, selective C5 monoarylation was achieved by using the same catalytic system. Subsequent efforts demonstrated that C5 arylated azoles undergo exclusive C2 arylationusing [Pd(phen)2]PF6 as the catalyst with galvinoxyl as an additive. Finally, unprecedented C4 arylation reactions of 2,5-diaryl-azoles occur by using the new catalytic system to give the corresponding triarylated products in