A Novel Autotaxin Inhibitor Reduces Lysophosphatidic Acid Levels in Plasma and the Site of Inflammation
作者:James Gierse、Atli Thorarensen、Konstantine Beltey、Erica Bradshaw-Pierce、Luz Cortes-Burgos、Troii Hall、Amy Johnston、Michael Murphy、Olga Nemirovskiy、Shinji Ogawa、Lyle Pegg、Matthew Pelc、Michael Prinsen、Mark Schnute、Jay Wendling、Steve Wene、Robin Weinberg、Arthur Wittwer、Ben Zweifel、Jaime Masferrer
DOI:10.1124/jpet.110.165845
日期:2010.7
Autotaxin is the enzyme responsible for the production of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) from lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC), and it is up-regulated in many inflammatory conditions, including but not limited to cancer, arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. LPA signaling causes angiogenesis, mitosis, cell proliferation, and cytokine secretion. Inhibition of autotaxin may have anti-inflammatory properties in a variety of diseases; however, this hypothesis has not been tested pharmacologically because of the lack of potent inhibitors. Here, we report the development of a potent autotaxin inhibitor, PF-8380 [6-(3-(piperazin-1-yl)propanoyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2(3 H )-one] with an IC50 of 2.8 nM in isolated enzyme assay and 101 nM in human whole blood. PF-8380 has adequate oral bioavailability and exposures required for in vivo testing of autotaxin inhibition. Autotaxin's role in producing LPA in plasma and at the site of inflammation was tested in a rat air pouch model. The specific inhibitor PF-8380, dosed orally at 30 mg/kg, provided >95% reduction in both plasma and air pouch LPA within 3 h, indicating autotaxin is a major source of LPA during inflammation. At 30 mg/kg PF-8380 reduced inflammatory hyperalgesia with the same efficacy as 30 mg/kg naproxen. Inhibition of plasma autotaxin activity correlated with inhibition of autotaxin at the site of inflammation and in ex vivo whole blood. Furthermore, a close pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship was observed, which suggests that LPA is rapidly formed and degraded in vivo. PF-8380 can serve as a tool compound for elucidating LPA's role in inflammation.
自体交联蛋白是一种负责从溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)中产生溶血磷脂酸(LPA)的酶,它在许多炎症中都会上调,包括但不限于癌症、关节炎和多发性硬化症。LPA 信号传导会导致血管生成、有丝分裂、细胞增殖和细胞因子分泌。抑制自体交感神经可能对多种疾病具有抗炎作用;然而,由于缺乏有效的抑制剂,这一假设尚未得到药理测试。在此,我们报告了一种强效自体表皮生长因子抑制剂 PF-8380 [6-(3-(哌嗪-1-基)丙酰基)苯并[d]恶唑-2(3 H )-one] 的研发情况,该抑制剂在离体酶测定中的 IC50 值为 2.8 nM,在人体全血中的 IC50 值为 101 nM。PF-8380 具有足够的口服生物利用度和体内测试自体表皮生长因子抑制作用所需的暴露量。在大鼠气囊模型中测试了自体交联素在血浆和炎症部位产生 LPA 的作用。口服 30 毫克/千克的特异性抑制剂 PF-8380 可在 3 小时内使血浆和气囊中的 LPA 减少 95%以上,这表明自体表皮生长因子是炎症期间 LPA 的主要来源。每公斤 30 毫克的 PF-8380 与每公斤 30 毫克的萘普生具有相同的降低炎症性痛觉的功效。血浆自体表皮生长因子活性的抑制与炎症部位和体外全血中自体表皮生长因子的抑制相关。此外,还观察到一种密切的药代动力学/药效学关系,这表明 LPA 在体内迅速形成和降解。PF-8380 可作为一种工具化合物,用于阐明 LPA 在炎症中的作用。