Twelve kinds of benzyl oxazolecarbamate analogues were tested in vitro for inhibition of aldose reductases, which play a leading role in the etiology of diabetic complications such as cataract, retinopathy and neuropathy. The comparative study of various analogues substituted with a benzylcarbamate group at C-2, C-4 of C-5 of the oxazole skeleton showed that the benzylcarbamate group at the C-2 position was absolutely necessary for potent aldose reductase inhibitory activity.The group at C-4 of C-5 was ineffective. Introduction of an alkyl group at the C-4 position of benzyl 5-phenyl-2-oxazolecarbamate increased the inhibitory activity, and in particular, the 4-isopropyl analogue was found to be a potent inhibitor. The 50% inhibition concentration of benzyl 4-isopropyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazolecarbamate (IV) for aldose reductases Ia and Ib was about 3.5×10-7M, whereas that of benzyl 5-phenyl-2-oxazolecarbamate (I) was about 1.5×10-5M. Inhibition of rabbit lens aldose reductase by compound IV was of a non-competitive type with DL-glyceraldehyde as a substrate. Compound IV appears to be a specific inhibitor of rabbit lens aldose reductase, because it was found to have little inhibitory effect against several other enzymes.
我们在体外测试了 12 种
噁唑氨基甲酸苄
酯类似物对醛糖还原酶的抑制作用,醛糖还原酶是白内障、视网膜病变和神经病变等糖尿病并发症的主要病因。对在
恶唑骨架的 C-2、C-4 和 C-5 位上被
氨基甲酸苄酯基团取代的各种类似物进行的比较研究表明,C-2 位上的
氨基甲酸苄酯基团对于强效醛糖还原酶抑制活性是绝对必要的。在 5-苯基-2-
恶唑氨基甲酸苄酯的 C-4 位上引入一个烷基可提高抑制活性,尤其是 4-异丙基类似物被发现是一种强效
抑制剂。4-isopropyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazolecarbamate 苯甲酯(IV)对醛糖还原酶 Ia 和 Ib 的 50% 抑制浓度约为 3.5×10-7M,而 5--phenyl-2-oxazolecarbamate 苯甲酯(I)的抑制浓度约为 1.5×10-5M。化合物 IV 对以
DL-甘油醛为底物的兔晶状体醛糖还原酶的抑制作用属于非竞争类型。化合物 IV 似乎是兔晶状体醛糖还原酶的特异性
抑制剂,因为它对其他几种酶的抑制作用很小。