... Exposure of rats to trifluoroethene (TFE) (0.5%, v/v) or a mixture of TFE and isoflurane (0.5% each) in oxygen for 60 min resulted in plasma fluoride increased over that in nonexposed or isoflurane (0.5%)-exposed animals. In untreated rats plasma fluoride levels following TFE and TFE-isoflurane exposures were approximately equal. In rats treated with phenobarbital, however, isoflurane increased plasma fluoride over two times that in rats exposed to TFE alone. Likewise cytochrome P450 levels declined 24% in TFE-exposed animals and 64% in rats exposed to TFE-isoflurane. The ability of microsomes from fluorocarbon-exposed animals to metabolize (R)- and (S)-warfarin indicates that TFE exposure inactivated the phenobarbital-inducible isozymes P450IIB1, P450IIC6, and P450IIIA to approximately equal degrees (21-35%). TFE-isoflurane exposure further inhibited P450IIB1 and PB450IIC6 to 50-70%, but had only a minor effect on P450IIIA activity. These data demonstrate that the defluorination of TFE in vivo by the phenobarbital-inducible cytochrome P450 isozymes is increased by isoflurane, and that isoflurane enhances the ability of TFE to inactivate cytochromes P450 in an isozyme-selective manner.
/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ .... Hepatic microsomes were isolated from male Sprague-Dawley-rats, some of which had been pretreated with sodium-phenobarbital (phenobarbital) or beta-naphthoflavone (BNF). These were incubated with 1,1-difluoroethene (DFE), 2-chloro-1,1-difluoroethene (CDE), trifluoroethene (TFE), or trifluorochloroethene (TFCE). The effects of structure on fluoride release and cytochrome-P450 and heme loss were investigated. Near maximal release of fluoride occurred in microsomes from phenobarbital treated rats. The greatest release occurred with CDE, followed by TFCE, TFE, and DFE in that order. The amounts of fluoride released were 2.4 to four times that released from untreated microsomes. BNF caused a slight inhibition of fluoride release from all compounds, relative to microsomes from untreated rats. TFE caused the greatest loss of cytochrome and heme from microsomes, followed by CDE, TFE, and DFE in that order. The pattern was the same for untreated and phenobarbital and BNF treated microsomes; however, the greatest losses occurred in microsomes from phenobarbital pretreated rats. ...
NOVEL CATALYTIC METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FLUOROALKYLENES FROM CHLOROFLUOROHYDROCARBONS
申请人:Mukhopadhyay Sudip
公开号:US20060217577A1
公开(公告)日:2006-09-28
A process for producing a producing a product of the formula:
R—CF═CHR
1
wherein R is F or CF
3
and R
1
is F when R is F and is H when R is CF
3
by reacting a reactant of the formula:
CF
3
—R
2
wherein R
2
is selected from
wherein R
3
is H, F or Cl and R
4
is H or Cl,
in the presence of a suitable catalyst, with a reducing agent selected from methane, methyl chloride and mixtures thereof, in a gas phase reaction.
Free-radical additions to unsaturated systems. Part XVII. Reaction of trifluoroiodomethane with mixtures of ethylene and vinyl fluoride and of ethylene and propene
作者:R. N. Haszeldine、D. W. Keen、A. E. Tipping
DOI:10.1039/j39700000414
日期:——
: 10. Thermal reactions of trifluoroiodomethane at 200° with the olefins trifluoroethylene, hexafluoropropene, and vinyl chloride give appreciable amounts of 2 : 1 and higher telomers in addition to the 1 : 1 adducts. The extent of telomer formation is much reduced in the case of trifluoroethylene when the reaction is carried out in the presence of added iodine. Competitive reactions of trifluoroiodomethane
A method for manufacturing hydrofluoroolefin, includes: converting hydrofluorocarbon represented by a formula (1) into hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) represented by formula (2) in the presence of carbon dioxide to obtain a first gas composition containing hydrofluoroolefin and carbon dioxide; and separating carbon dioxide contained in the first gas composition to obtain a second gas composition containing HFO, CR
1
R
2
X
1
CR
3
R
4
X
2
. . . (1), CR
1
R
2
═CR
3
R
4
. . . (2), wherein R
1
to R
3
are each independently hydrogen atom or fluorine atom, R
4
is hydrogen atom, fluorine atom, CH
3
, CH
2
F, CHF
2
or CF
3
, the total number of fluorine atoms of R
1
to R
4
is one or more, and the total number of hydrogen atoms of R
1
to R
4
is one or more, X
1
and X
2
are each hydrogen atom or fluorine atom where X
2
is the fluorine atom when X
1
is the hydrogen atom, and X
2
is the hydrogen atom when X
1
is the fluorine atom.
Some reactions of chlorine and iodine fluorosulfates
作者:A.V. Fokin、Yu.N. Studnev、A.I. Rapkin
DOI:10.1016/s0022-1139(00)82672-x
日期:1981.10
The behaviour of ClOSO2F towards acetylene and the CN bond of perfluorocarbon acid nitriles as well as a possibility of CN bond cleavage in perfluoronitroso compounds were studied. Investigation of the chlorinating activity of ClOSO2F was continued. The addition reactions of IOSO2F to double bonds of fluoroolefines as well as the reactions of S2O6F2 with ethylnitrobenzenes were realized.
研究了ClOSO 2 F对乙炔的行为和全氟碳腈的CN键,以及全氟亚硝基化合物中CN键断裂的可能性。继续研究ClOSO 2 F的氯化活性。实现了IOSO 2 F与氟代烯烃双键的加成反应以及S 2 O 6 F 2与乙基硝基苯的反应。