Binding cooperativity between a ligand carbonyl group and a hydrophobic side chain can be enhanced by additional H-bonds in a distance dependent manner: A case study with thrombin inhibitors
摘要:
One of the underappreciated non-covalent binding factors, which can significantly affect ligand-protein binding affinity, is the cooperativity between ligand functional groups. Using four different series of thrombin inhibitors, we reveal a strong positive cooperativity between an H-bond accepting carbonyl functionality and the adjacent P3 hydrophobic side chain. Adding an H-bond donating amine adjacent to the P3 hydrophobic side chain further increases this positive cooperativity thereby improving the Ki by as much as 546-fold. In contrast, adding an amidine multiple H-bond/salt bridge group in the distal S1 pocket does not affect this cooperativity. An analysis of the crystallographic B-factors of the ligand groups inside the binding site indicates that the strong cooperativity is mainly due to a significant mutual reduction in the residual mobility of the hydrophobic side chain and the H-bonding functionalities that is absent when the separation distance is large. This type of cooperativity is important to encode in binding affinity prediction software, and to consider in SAR studies. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Binding cooperativity between a ligand carbonyl group and a hydrophobic side chain can be enhanced by additional H-bonds in a distance dependent manner: A case study with thrombin inhibitors
摘要:
One of the underappreciated non-covalent binding factors, which can significantly affect ligand-protein binding affinity, is the cooperativity between ligand functional groups. Using four different series of thrombin inhibitors, we reveal a strong positive cooperativity between an H-bond accepting carbonyl functionality and the adjacent P3 hydrophobic side chain. Adding an H-bond donating amine adjacent to the P3 hydrophobic side chain further increases this positive cooperativity thereby improving the Ki by as much as 546-fold. In contrast, adding an amidine multiple H-bond/salt bridge group in the distal S1 pocket does not affect this cooperativity. An analysis of the crystallographic B-factors of the ligand groups inside the binding site indicates that the strong cooperativity is mainly due to a significant mutual reduction in the residual mobility of the hydrophobic side chain and the H-bonding functionalities that is absent when the separation distance is large. This type of cooperativity is important to encode in binding affinity prediction software, and to consider in SAR studies. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
[EN] PYRROLOPYRIMIDINE AMINES AS COMPLEMENT INHIBITORS<br/>[FR] PYRROLOPYRIMIDINE AMINES EN TANT QU'INHIBITEURS DU COMPLÉMENT
申请人:BIOCRYST PHARM INC
公开号:WO2021202977A1
公开(公告)日:2021-10-07
Disclosed are compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are inhibitors of the complement system. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising such a compound, and methods of using the compounds and compositions in the treatment or prevention of a disease or condition characterized by aberrant complement system activity.
PROLINAMIADE DERIVATIVES AS THROMBIN INHIBITOR, PREPRARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF
申请人:Li Min
公开号:US20130296245A1
公开(公告)日:2013-11-07
Provided are a compound of formula (I), pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, preparation methods and applications thereof for inhibiting thrombin, and applications in the treatment and prevention of thrombin-mediated and thrombin-related diseases.
Ligand binding cooperativity: Bioisosteric replacement of CO with SO2 among thrombin inhibitors
作者:Ahmed M. Said、David G. Hangauer
DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.07.024
日期:2016.8
Ligand–protein binding is a complex process that involves the formation of number of non-covalent interactions, e.g. H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions, between the ligand and the protein host. Upon binding, ligand functional groups can act synergistically (positive cooperativity) to improve the overall ligandbinding affinity beyond what would be expected from their individual contributions. In
The invention relates to a compound of the formula I
1
or a salt thereof with a physiologically tolerated acid, or stereoisomers thereof, wherein R
1
, R
2
, A, B, C and D have the meanings described in the specification.
Novel thrombin inhibitors, the preparation and use thereof
申请人:Boehm Hans-Joachim
公开号:US20060111553A1
公开(公告)日:2006-05-25
Compounds of the formula
and the salts thereof with physiologically tolerated acids and the stereoisomers thereof, in which the substituents have the meanings stated in the description, are described. Also disclosed are intermediates for their preparation. The compounds are suitable for controlling diseases.