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过甲酸 | 107-32-4

中文名称
过甲酸
中文别名
过蚁酸
英文名称
Peroxyformic acid
英文别名
performic acid
过甲酸化学式
CAS
107-32-4
化学式
CH2O3
mdl
——
分子量
62.0251
InChiKey
SCKXCAADGDQQCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 颜色/状态:
    Colorless liquid
  • 溶解度:
    Miscible with alcohol, ether; soluble in benzene, chloroform
  • 蒸汽压力:
    78 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)
  • 分解:
    When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
  • 解离常数:
    pKa = 7.77 (est)
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    1. **稳定性**:不稳定。 2. **禁配物**:强氧化剂、酸类、强还原剂、金属、碱类。 3. **避免接触的条件**:受热、摩擦、撞击。 4. **聚合危害**:不聚合。

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -0.4
  • 重原子数:
    4
  • 可旋转键数:
    1
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    46.5
  • 氢给体数:
    1
  • 氢受体数:
    3

ADMET

毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
/SRP:/ 紧急急救:确保已经进行了充分的中和。如果患者停止呼吸,请开始人工呼吸,最好使用需求阀复苏器、气囊面罩装置或口袋面罩,按培训操作。根据需要执行心肺复苏。立即用缓慢流动的水冲洗受污染的眼睛。不要催吐。如果发生呕吐,让患者前倾或将其置于左侧(如果可能的话,头部向下)以保持呼吸道畅通,防止吸入。保持患者安静,维持正常体温。寻求医疗帮助。 /无机酸及相关化合物/
/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Inorganic acids and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
/SRP:/ 基本治疗:建立专利气道(如有需要,使用口咽或鼻咽气道)。如有必要,进行吸痰。密切观察呼吸不足的迹象,并在需要时辅助呼吸。通过非重复呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿,并在必要时进行治疗……。监测休克,并在必要时进行治疗……。对于眼睛污染,立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中,用0.9%的生理盐水(NS)连续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。活性炭无效。对于摄入,如果患者能够吞咽、有强烈的呕吐反射且不流口水,请冲洗口腔,并给予5毫升/千克,最多200毫升的水进行稀释……。不要试图中和,因为可能会发生放热反应。在去污染后,用干燥、无菌的敷料覆盖皮肤烧伤……。/无机酸及相关化合物/
/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist respirations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. Activated charcoal is not effective. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Do not attempt to neutralize because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Inorganic acids and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 解毒与急救
/SRP:/ 高级治疗:对于无意识、严重肺水肿或严重呼吸困难的病人,考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。在上呼吸道阻塞的最初迹象出现时,可能需要尽早进行插管。使用气囊面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿……。对于严重的支气管痉挛,考虑给予β受体激动剂,如沙丁胺醇……。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常……。开始静脉输注5%葡萄糖(D5W)/SRP: "保持开放",最小流量/。如果出现低血容量的迹象,使用0.9%生理盐水(NS)或乳酸钠林格氏液(LR)。对于伴有低血容量征象的低血压,谨慎给予液体。如果病人在正常血容量时出现低血压,考虑使用血管加压药。注意液体过载的迹象……。使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗……。/无机酸及其相关化合物/
/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's(LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Inorganic acids and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 人类毒性摘录
/替代性和体外测试/ 由于过氧甲酸被用作一种强效消毒剂、化学灭菌剂和/或皮肤消毒剂,因此需要有关其对活组织毒性的信息来评估其生物容忍度,并将其与过氧乙酸进行比较。在HEp-2细胞培养的测试中,使用0.05%及以上浓度的过氧甲酸处理后,出现了明显的细胞毒性效应。0.005%至0.00005%的浓度对细胞形态的影响较小,如果传代,它们能够继续生长,但生长能力明显受到抑制。测试的最低浓度(0.000005%)对HEp-2细胞没有明显影响。在相同的浓度水平下,细胞在接受过氧甲酸处理时受到的影响比过氧乙酸处理更为严重...
/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ Since performic acid is used as a potent disinfectant, chemical sterilant and/or skin antiseptics, information related to its toxicity for living tissues was needed to evaluate the degree of its biotolerance and compare it to that of peracetic acid. In tests on cultured HEp-2 cells distinct cytotoxic effects occurred after treatments with 0.05% and higher concentrations. The 0.005% to 0.000,05% concentrations had only minor effects on the morphology of cells, if passaged they were capable of further growth, but were clearly inhibited in their growth ability. The lowest concentration tested (0.000005%) had no appreciable effect on HEp-2 cells. At the same concentration levels, the cells were affected to a greater degree with performic acid than with peracetic acid treatment ...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 海关编码:
    2918300090
  • 储存条件:
    储存于阴凉、通风的库房,远离火种、热源,库温不超过30℃,相对湿度不超过80%,避免光照。保持容器密封,并与氧化剂、还原剂、酸类等分开存放,切忌混储。使用防爆型照明和通风设施,禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备和合适的收容材料,禁止震动、撞击和摩擦。

SDS

SDS:1c4e5f40014d8fd538648febe92a65b8
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制备方法与用途

制备方法

无色液体,其溶液不稳定,可在临用前配制。

  • 制法1:使用90%过氧化氢制备。在烧瓶中放入23g 98%~100%甲酸,并小心地与0.3mL浓硫酸混匀后,置于冷水浴中,在空气搅拌下逐渐加入28.4g 90%过氧化氢,此时温度应保持在22~23℃。反应30分钟后生成浓度为35.8%的过甲酸。

  • 制法2:使用30%过氧化氢制备。在0.12mL浓硫酸存在下,用9.2g甲酸和33.7g 30%过氧化氢反应2小时,生成浓度为4.7%的过甲酸。

合成制备方法

无色液体,其溶液不稳定,可在临用前配制。

  • 制法1:使用90%过氧化氢制备。在烧瓶中放入23g 98%~100%甲酸,并小心地与0.3mL浓硫酸混匀后,置于冷水浴中,在空气搅拌下逐渐加入28.4g 90%过氧化氢,此时温度应保持在22~23℃。反应30分钟后生成浓度为35.8%的过甲酸。

  • 制法2:使用30%过氧化氢制备。在0.12mL浓硫酸存在下,用9.2g甲酸和33.7g 30%过氧化氢反应2小时,生成浓度为4.7%的过甲酸。

用途简介

用于作氧化剂及有机合成。

用途
  • 作为氧化剂及有机合成。[11]

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    过甲酸vanadic acid 作用下, 以 not given 为溶剂, 生成 臭氧
    参考文献:
    名称:
    D'Ans, J.; Kneip, A., Chemische Berichte, 1915, vol. 48, p. 1136 - 1146
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    甲酸双氧水 作用下, 反应 0.5h, 生成 过甲酸
    参考文献:
    名称:
    次氯酸生成的氧化的维生素B1代谢产物的定量分析。
    摘要:
    硫胺素(一种称为维生素B1的水溶性必需维生素)在各种细胞过程(例如新陈代谢和能量产生)中起着重要的辅助因子的作用。硫胺素还被认为具有抗氧化作用,作为单线态氧清除剂和脂质过氧化抑制剂。然而,硫胺素的氧化机理和氧化代谢物尚未完全建立。在本研究中,我们研究了硫胺素的氧化反应性,发现硫胺素与次氯酸(HOCl)反应形成了三种产物。基于NMR和高分辨率质谱分析,硫胺的HOCl氧化代谢产物被鉴定为甲酰氨基嘧啶(FAP),硫胺磺酸(TSA)和硫胺亚磺酸酯(TSE)。为了评估体内这些氧化代谢产物的形成,我们建立了使用液相色谱-串联质谱和稳定同位素稀释法定量氧化硫胺素代谢物的特定方法。使用该方法表明,氧化的硫胺素代谢产物以髓过氧化物酶依赖性方式在佛波醇-12-肉豆蔻酸酯-乙酸酯处理的嗜中性粒细胞样细胞的培养基中产生。此外,与对照相比,在脂多糖治疗的小鼠的肺组织中检测到明显更高的FAP和TSE量。这些发现不仅提
    DOI:
    10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.03.010
  • 作为试剂:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Synthesis of (±)-aporphine utilizing Pictet–Spengler and intramolecular phenol ortho-arylation reactions
    摘要:
    A synthesis of the alkaloid (+/-)-aporphine is reported. The initial key step of the synthesis involves a Pictet-Spengler cyclization of N-tosyl tyramine with 2-bromophenylacetaldehyde in trifluoroacetic acid. This step was followed by the second strategic transformation a palladium-mediated intramolecular phenol ortho-arylation reaction utilizing tricyclohexylphosphine as co-catalysts in the presence of cesium carbonate. Finally, de-oxygenation of the phenol, removal of the tosyl group and methylation gave the desired alkaloid.(C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
    DOI:
    10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.04.194
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文献信息

  • Photochemical transformations-iv
    作者:S.N. Sharma、H.R. Sonawane、Sukh Dev
    DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)96644-x
    日期:1985.1
    It is shown that hydroxylation of saturated hydrocarbons by hydrogen peroxide occurs under the influence of light. This reaction has been investigated on acyclic, monocyclic and bicyclic hydrocarbons. These reactions were also studied using performic acid as the source of hydroxyl radicals and results compared with those obtained with peracetic acid. As expected, the preferred attack was on tertiary
    结果表明,在光的作用下,过氧化氢使饱和烃发生羟基化。已经对无环,单环和双环烃进行了该反应的研究。还使用过甲酸作为羟基自由基的来源对这些反应进行了研究,并将结果与​​过乙酸所得的结果进行了比较。不出所料,首选的攻击方式是在第三中心,其次是第二,然后是主要。
  • Optical Probes inside Photonic Crystals
    作者:W.L. Vos、A. Polman
    DOI:10.1557/mrs2001.160
    日期:2001.8

    The spontaneous emission of an atom is not a property of the atom only; it also depends on the local optical surroundings. The simplest demonstration of this effect was provided by the early experiments of Drexhage, who studied the emission rate of luminescent europium ions close to a mirror. It was found that while the spectral distribution of the emission remained constant, the emission rate was dependent on the position of the Eu3+ ions relative to the mirror. This effect is due to interference of the optical modes incident to and reflected at the mirror. Since then, the modified spontaneous emission of atoms in cavities has been studied extensively. More recently, the control of spontaneous emission in solid-state systems has become of great interest because it enables the tailoring of the emission properties of optical materials. It was shown how the spontaneous-emission rate of optical probe ions or dyes inside dielectric films is modified by the presence of a dielectric interface, in a dielectric multilayer, or a microcavity. The dependence of the decay rate on the optical surroundings in these one-dimensional systems can be described in terms of Fermi's “golden rule,” which states that the decay rate is proportional to the local optical density of states (DOS). The spatial variation in the DOS is due to the interference of optical modes reflected and refracted at the dielectric interface(s).

    原子的自发辐射并不仅仅是原子本身的属性;它还依赖于局部的光环境。这种效应最简单的演示是由Drexhage的早期实验提供的,他研究了发光的铕离子在镜子附近的发射率。研究发现,虽然发射的光谱分布保持不变,但发射率却依赖于铕离子相对于镜子的位置。这种效应是由于入射到镜子上并从镜子反射的光学模式的干涉造成的。自那时起,人们广泛研究了腔中原子修改后的自发辐射。最近,控制固态系统中的自发辐射已经引起了极大的兴趣,因为它能够定制光学材料的发射特性。已经展示了光学探针离子或染料在介电膜内的自发发射率如何通过介电界面、介电多层膜或微腔的存在而发生变化。这些一维系统中衰减率对光学环境依赖性可以用费米“黄金规则”来描述,该规则指出衰减率与局部光学态密度(DOS)成正比。DOS的空间变化是由于在介电界面反射和折射的光学模式的干涉造成的。
  • Organocatalytic enantioselective sulfa-Michael addition of thiocarboxylic acids to β-trifluoromethyl-α,β-unsaturated ketones for the construction of stereogenic carbon center bearing a sulfur atom and a trifluoromethyl group
    作者:Wen-Fei Hu、Jian-Qiang Zhao、Xiao-Zhen Chen、Ming-Qiang Zhou、Xiao-Mei Zhang、Xiao-Ying Xu、Wei-Cheng Yuan
    DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2019.02.040
    日期:2019.4
    organocatalyzed asymmetric sulfa-Michael addition of thiocarboxylic acids to β-trifluoromethyl-α,β-unsaturated ketones with a chiral bifunctional amine-squaramide as the catalyst is presented. A wide range of chiral ketone compounds bearing a sulfur atom and a trifluoromethyl group at the stereogenic carbon center could be obtained with excellent results (up to 99% yield, 97% ee) under mild conditions. The developed
    提出了以手性双官能胺-方酸酰胺为催化剂的硫代羧酸的有机催化不对称磺胺-迈克尔加成反应到β-三氟甲基-α,β-不饱和酮上。在温和的条件下,可以获得在立体碳原子中心带有硫原子和三氟甲基的多种手性酮化合物,并具有优异的结果(产率高达99%,ee达97%)。发达的催化体系对(E)-和(Z)-β-三氟甲基化-α,β-不饱和酮均具有良好的耐受性。
  • Direct oxidation of secondary alcohol to ester by performic acid
    作者:Xiao-Hong Li、Xiang-Guang Meng、Ying Liu、Xiao Peng
    DOI:10.1039/c3gc41198b
    日期:——
    pathways and kinetics of the oxidation reactions of 1-phenylethyl alcohol (PEA), 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanol (MVA), 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethanol (HMOPE), 1-(3-aminophenyl)ethanol (APE), 1-(4-methylphenyl)ethanol (MPE) and cyclohexanol with performic acid (PFA) were investigated in formic acid solvent. An unexpected new reaction pathway, from which the secondary alcohols can be directly oxidized
    1-苯乙醇(PEA),1-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)乙醇(MVA),1-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)乙醇(HMOPE),1-在甲酸溶剂中研究了(3-氨基苯基)乙醇(APE),1-(4-甲基苯基)乙醇(MPE)和环己醇与甲酸(PFA)的关系。发现了意外的新反应途径,仲醇可从该途径直接氧化成相应的酯。在不同的反应时间检测到PEA,MV​​A,HMOPE,APE,MPE和环己醇氧化的反应产物(酯和酮)。反应速率常数k 1,k 2,k 3和功率阶数α,β,分别获得了醇到酯,醇到酮和酮到酯三个氧化反应途径的PFA浓度γ。这些发现可能为木质素降解技术提供新的见解。
  • Heterogeneous phase-transfer catalysts: onium salts, crown ethers, and cryptands immobilized on polymer supports
    作者:Mauro Cinouini、Stefano Colonna、Henriette Molinari、Fernando Montanari、Pietro Tundo
    DOI:10.1039/c39760000394
    日期:——
    Typical phase-transfer catalysts, namely organophilic onium salts, crown ethers, and cryptands, when immobilized on a polymer matrix retain most of their catalytic activity, thus permitting catalyst recycling by simple filtration from the reaction medium.
    当固定在聚合物基质上时,典型的相转移催化剂,即亲有机鎓盐,冠醚和穴状配体保留了它们的大部分催化活性,因此允许通过从反应介质中简单过滤而使催化剂再循环。
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