Biodegradable Kojic Acid-Based Polymers: Controlled Delivery of Bioactives for Melanogenesis Inhibition
作者:Jonathan J. Faig、Alysha Moretti、Laurie B. Joseph、Yingyue Zhang、Mary Joy Nova、Kervin Smith、Kathryn E. Uhrich
DOI:10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01353
日期:2017.2.13
Kojic acid (KA) is a naturally occurring fungal metabolite that is utilized as a skin-lightener and antibrowning agent owing to its potent tyrosinase inhibition activity. While efficacious, KA’s inclination to undergo pH-mediated, thermal-, and photodegradation reduces its efficacy, necessitating stabilizing vehicles. To minimize degradation, poly(carbonate-esters) and polyesters comprised of KA and natural diacids were prepared via solution polymerization methods. In vitro hydrolytic degradation analyses revealed KA release was drastically influenced by polymer backbone composition (e.g., poly(carbonate-ester) vs polyester), linker molecule (aliphatic vs heteroatom-containing), and release conditions (physiological vs skin). Tyrosinase inhibition assays demonstrated that aliphatic KA dienols, the major degradation product under skin conditions, were more potent then KA itself. All dienols were found to be less toxic than KA at all tested concentrations. Additionally, the most lipophilic dienols were statistically more effective than KA at inhibiting melanin biosynthesis in cells. These KA-based polymer systems deliver KA analogues with improved efficacy and cytocompatible profiles, making them ideal candidates for sustained topical treatments in both medical and personal care products.
氢醌酸(KA)是一种天然存在的真菌代谢物,因其强效的酪氨酸酶抑制活性,被用作皮肤美白剂和抗褐变剂。尽管具有良好的效果,KA易于在pH介导、热和光照条件下降解,导致其疗效降低,因此需要稳定载体。为减少降解,采用溶液聚合方法制备了由KA和天然二元酸组成的聚碳酸酯酯和聚酯。体外水解降解分析表明,KA的释放受到聚合物主链组成(例如,聚碳酸酯酯与聚酯)、连接分子(脂肪族与含杂原子)及释放条件(生理条件与皮肤条件)的显著影响。酪氨酸酶抑制实验表明,在皮肤条件下,主要降解产物脂肪族KA二烯醇的抑制作用比KA本身更强。在所有测试浓度下,所有二烯醇的毒性均低于KA。此外,最脂溶性的二烯醇在抑制细胞中的黑色素生物合成方面,统计上显示比KA更有效。这些基于KA的聚合物系统提供了更高效的KA类似物,且具有良好的细胞相容性,使其成为医疗和个人护理产品中理想的持续局部治疗候选物。