Synthesis of Trifluoro- or Difluoromethylated Olefins by Regio- and Stereocontrolled SN2‘ Reactions of gem-Difluorinated Vinyloxiranes
摘要:
This paper presents a highly stereoselective synthesis of trifluoro- or difluoromethylated olefins via an S(N)2' type fluorination or reductions of gem-difluorinated vinyloxiranes. Their fluorination with HF-Py furnished trifluoromethylated allylic alcohols with exclusive E selectivity. On the other hand, their reduction with DIBAL-H afforded difluoromethylated E-allylic alcohols predominantly, whereas the corresponding Z isomers were formed exclusively by treatment with BH(3)center dot THF.
从容易获得的α,β-环氧酮制备了一系列迄今未知的3,4-环氧-1,1-二氟丁烯,发现这些化合物发生了区域选择性S N 2'反应,并在高度阳性时与硬RLi亲核试剂发生反应。与仅具有低区域选择性的相应非氟化乙烯基氧杂环戊烷的情况形成鲜明对比的是,带电末端具有氟的sp 2碳原子形成鲜明的对比。HMPA的加入大大改善了产物的烯属立体选择性。理论计算被用来定性地探索这些反应中选择性的性质。
Reaction of gem-difluorinated vinyloxiranes with RCu(X)Li allowed us to introduce the R group regioselectively at the fluorine-attached terminal carbon atom in an SN2′ manner to afford (E)-allylic alcohols exclusively, while homoallylic alcohols with anti stereochemical relationship were found to be obtained selectively from higher-ordered cuprates derived from CuCl and RMgBr in a ratio of 1:3.
Regio- and Stereoselective Reactions of <i>g</i><i>em</i>-Difluorinated Vinyloxiranes with Heteronucleophiles
作者:Hisanori Ueki、Tomoya Kitazume
DOI:10.1021/jo051468t
日期:2005.11.1
Regio- and stereoselectivity in reactions of gem-difluorinated vinyloxiranes with heteronucleophiles were successfully controlled. Halogen atoms were introduced regioselectively at the allylic epoxide carbon with an inversion in stereochemistry using MgBr2·Et2O or Li2CuCl4 to produce anti-vic-halohydrine. The other diastereomers were obtained selectively using LiBr/AcOH or BCl3, and SN2‘ type products
宝石-二氟乙烯基环氧乙烷与杂多亲核试剂反应的区域选择性和立体选择性已得到成功控制。卤原子物在使用MgBr在立体化学的反转烯丙基环氧碳区域选择性地引入2 ·的Et 2 O或栗2的CuCl 4,以产生抗- VIC -halohydrine。使用LiBr / AcOH或BCl 3选择性地获得其他非对映异构体,并且通过改变反应温度以优异的E偏爱选择性地形成S N 2'型产物。此外,进一步的研究使我们发现区域和立体选择性S几种布朗斯台德酸的N 2'加入取决于酸的p K a值。在强酸性条件下,我们完全获得Ë烯丙醇。
Regio- and Stereoselective Reductions of <i>g</i><i>em</i>-Difluorinated Vinyloxiranes
作者:Hisanori Ueki、Takashi Chiba、Tomoya Kitazume
DOI:10.1021/ol050173z
日期:2005.3.1
synthesis of fluorinated compounds. Investigations of their reactions with nucleophiles resulted in highly regio- and stereoselective reductions. In their reactions with LiAlH4, hydride reacted at the allylic epoxide carbon to produce homoallylic alcohols exclusively. Moreover, regio- and stereoselective S(N)2' reactions were observed with DIBAL-H and BH3 x THF; the former afforded E allylic alcohols
[反应:请参阅文本]宝石-二氟乙烯基氧杂环丁烷是合成氟化化合物的多功能构建基块。对它们与亲核试剂反应的研究导致了高度的区域选择性和立体选择性的降低。在与LiAlH4的反应中,氢化物在烯丙基环氧碳上反应,仅生成均烯丙基醇。此外,在DIBAL-H和BH3 x THF中观察到区域选择性和立体选择性S(N)2'反应。前者提供了E烯丙基醇,而后者则提供了具有出色选择性的相应Z异构体。
Preparation and Regioselective S<sub>N</sub>2‘ Reaction of Novel <i>g</i><i>em</i>-Difluorinated Vinyloxiranes with RLi
β-epoxy ketones and these compounds were found to undergo regioselective SN2‘ reactions with hard RLi nucleophiles occurring at the highly positively charged terminal fluorine-possessing sp2 carbon atom in quite sharp contrast to the cases of the corresponding nonfluorinated vinyloxiranes which only attained a low level of regioselectivity. Addition of HMPA substantially improved the products' olefinic
从容易获得的α,β-环氧酮制备了一系列迄今未知的3,4-环氧-1,1-二氟丁烯,发现这些化合物发生了区域选择性S N 2'反应,并在高度阳性时与硬RLi亲核试剂发生反应。与仅具有低区域选择性的相应非氟化乙烯基氧杂环戊烷的情况形成鲜明对比的是,带电末端具有氟的sp 2碳原子形成鲜明的对比。HMPA的加入大大改善了产物的烯属立体选择性。理论计算被用来定性地探索这些反应中选择性的性质。
Synthesis of Trifluoro- or Difluoromethylated Olefins by Regio- and Stereocontrolled S<sub>N</sub>2‘ Reactions of <i>gem</i>-Difluorinated Vinyloxiranes
作者:Hisanori Ueki、Takashi Chiba、Tomoya Kitazume
DOI:10.1021/jo060089c
日期:2006.4.1
This paper presents a highly stereoselective synthesis of trifluoro- or difluoromethylated olefins via an S(N)2' type fluorination or reductions of gem-difluorinated vinyloxiranes. Their fluorination with HF-Py furnished trifluoromethylated allylic alcohols with exclusive E selectivity. On the other hand, their reduction with DIBAL-H afforded difluoromethylated E-allylic alcohols predominantly, whereas the corresponding Z isomers were formed exclusively by treatment with BH(3)center dot THF.