毒理性
识别和使用:全氟己酸(PFHxA)是一种无色液体。它是一种长链全氟烷基羧酸,是一组用作润湿、分散、乳化以及起泡剂的表面活性剂。PFHxA还用于织物和地毯的保护涂层、纸张涂层以及杀虫剂配方。人类暴露和毒性:PFHxA暴露可能与吉尔伯特综合症(一种轻度遗传性肝脏疾病,人体无法适当处理胆红素)有关。研究表明,像PFHxA这样的全氟化合物在细胞水平上不具有急性毒性。在人类肝癌Hep G2细胞中,没有迹象表明PFHxA通过凋亡机制诱导细胞毒性。动物研究:PFHxA在动物中似乎具有非常低的急性生物活性。研究人员对大鼠进行了为期90天的PFHxA经口灌胃毒理学评估。观察到的有害变化包括肝脏过氧化物酶体β-氧化和肝脏以及甲状腺的变化。类似的实验导致雄性体重增加减少,红细胞参数降低,网织红细胞计数升高,球蛋白降低,总蛋白降低,白蛋白/球蛋白比率升高,以及胆固醇和钙降低。PFHxA在鸡胚胎神经细胞中对甲状腺激素(TH)响应基因的信使RNA(mRNA)水平没有显著影响。没有证据表明PFHxA对雄性或雌性大鼠具有致癌性。生态毒性研究:研究了碳链长度为2-6的全氟羧酸(PFCAs)对淡水轮虫Brachionus calyciflorus的急性毒性、3天种群生长和形态效应。结果表明,PFHxA对B. calyciflorus的24小时中位致死浓度(LC50)值为140 mg/L。PFCAs的急性效应随着碳链长度的增加而降低。使用流式细胞仪测量研究了PFHxA对一些淡水藻类Scenedesmus obliquus膜系统的毒性效应。在测试浓度范围内,PFHxA没有抑制藻类生长。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) is a colorless liquid. It is a long-chain perfluoroalkanecarboxylic acid, a group of surfactants which are used as wetting, dispersing, emulsifying, and foaming agents. PFHxA is also used in protective coatings for fabrics and carpet, paper coatings, and insecticide formulations. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: PFHxA exposure may be associated with Gilbert Syndrome (a mild genetic liver disorder in which the body cannot properly process bilirubin). Studies indicate that perfluorinated compounds such as PFHxA are not acutely toxic at the cellular level. In human hepatoma Hep G2 cells, there was no indication that PFHxA induces cytotoxicity via an apoptotic mechanism. ANIMAL STUDIES: PFHxA appears to have a very low acute biological activity in animals. Researchers carried out a 90-day toxicological evaluation of PFHxA in rats following oral gavage. Adverse changes observed included hepatic peroxisomal beta-oxidation and hepatic and thyroid changes. A similar experiment resulted in lower body weight gains in males, lower red blood cell parameters, higher reticulocyte counts, lower globulin, lower total protein and higher albumin/globulin ratio, and lower cholesterol and calcium. PFHxA showed no major effects on messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of thyroid hormone (TH)-responsive genes in chicken embryonic neuronal cells. There is no evidence that PFHxA is tumorigenic in male or female rats. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: The effects of acute toxicity, 3-day population growth, and morphological effects of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) with carbon chain lengths of 2-6 on the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus were investigated. The results indicated that the 24-hr median lethal concentration (LC50) value of PFHxA towards B. calyciflorus was 140 mg/L. The acute effects of PFCAs decreased with the increase of carbon chain length. Flow cytometric measurements were used to investigate the toxic effect of PFHxA on some membrane systems of the freshwater alga species Scenedesmus obliquus. PFHxA did not inhibit algal growth within the test concentration ranges.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)